Ch 28

Question 1

Protist

Answer 1

any eukaryote that is not a plant, animal, or fungus. Most protists are unicellular

Question 2

Mixotrophs

Answer 2

Combine photosynthesis and heterotrophic nutrition

Question 3

Protists: they get their food in several ways. Some contain chloroplasts and do photosynthesis, and so
are considered _____. Others ingest food particles and so are _____.

Answer 3

photoautotrophs, heterotrophs

Question 4

Secondary Endosymbiosis

Answer 4

A process in eukaruotic evolution in which a heterotrophic eukaryotic cell engulfed a photosynthetic euk. cell, which survived in a symbiotic relationship inside the heterotrophic cell.

Question 5

Malaria is a leading cause of infectious disease. Over 300 million people in the tropics are infected each year, and the death rate is 2 million people per year. The parasites that cause malaria are in the genus _____.

Answer 5

Plasmodium

Question 6

How do food vacuoles and lysosomes help with nutrition?

Answer 6

they fuse together and help digest the food and remove wastes

Question 7

How do paramecium obtain food?

Answer 7

cilia move along in the oral groove into the cell mouth where it is engulfed by food vaculoes

Question 8

The Paramecium is hypertonic to its surroundings, so how does this organism maintain water balance?

Answer 8

constantly takes in water by osmosis

Question 9

Mutualistic example:

Answer 9

dinoflagellates provide food for coral polyps while coral polyps nourish them

Question 10

Parasitic example:

Answer 10

malaria causing protist, plasmodium infects host and can possibly kill it

Question 11

What is a key ecological role of protists in many aquatic food webs?

Answer 11

they are the main producers and all other organisms depend on them by eating them directly or indirectly.

Question 12

Giardia intestinalis

Answer 12

causes “hiker’s diarrhea”; always treat your water!

Question 13

Trichomonas vaginalis

Answer 13

sexually transmitted infection

Question 14

Trypanosoma sp.

Answer 14

sleeping sickness

Question 15

Euglena

Answer 15

tiny flagellated green cell with a red eyespot

Question 16

Dinoflagellates

Answer 16

blooms cause “red tides”; many are bioluminescent

Question 17

Plasmodium

Answer 17

causative agent of malaria

Question 18

Ciliates

Answer 18

Paramecium and Stentor are examples; micro- and macronuclei

Question 19

Amoeba

Answer 19

move by pseudopodia

Question 20

Diatoms

Answer 20

unicellular with two-part, glass-like wall made of silica

Question 21

Oomycetes

Answer 21

water molds and their relatives; includes causative agent of potato blight

Question 22

Red algae

Answer 22

multicellular; some found at great depths; sushi wraps

Question 23

Green algae

Answer 23

Clamydomonas, Ulva, Volvox; this group is the closest relative of land plants