Ch 31 Flashcards
(13 cards)
Both animals and fungi are multicellular heterotrophs, but they differ in how they obtain their nutrients. Explain how fungi bring in nutrients.
They secret digestive enzymes, digesting their food outside and sucking it in.
Both plants and fungi have cell walls. What material is found in the cell wall of fungi?
Cellulose and Chitin
The body of a fungus consists of hyphae, which make up the mycelium. What are these?
They are the structures that supply the shroom with nutrients and oxygen if needed
What are mycorrhizae? Discuss their importance in plant nutrition.
Symbiotic relationship, need each other to survive
What are mycorrhizae? Discuss their importance in plant nutrition.
Symbiotic relationship, need each other to survive. Acts as an extension to plant roots
A new fungal organism grows from what structure?
Spore
Spores are the reproductive cells of fungi; they can be formed sexually or asexually. When two haploid mating strains are near each other, how do they signal or communicate?
Mycelium
Pilobus: Where do you find it, and how does it send its spores and next
generation on to an appropriate new home?
Pilobus in animal poop; the zygomycete decomposes animal poop and the mycelium bend sporebearing hyphae toward bright light, usually towards a direction where grass is likely to be growing. Afterwards, the fungus shoots its sporangia like projectiles as far as 2 meters, and they land on grass that grazing animals such as cows will ingest. This ensures that the spores will be scattered when the animal defecates.
Ascomycetes: What is the name of the structure where the sexual spores are produced? What is the common name of this group?
Ascus. Sac fungi
Give at least three examples of ascomycetes.
Aleuria aurantia have cup-shaped asocarps (fruiting bodies)
Tuber melanosporum is a truffle, an asocarp that grows underground and emits strong odors.
Morchella esculenta, or succulent morel, have edible asocarp and are usually found under trees in orchards.
3 examples of ascomycetes.
Aleuria aurantia have cup-shaped asocarps (fruiting bodies)
Tuber melanosporum is a truffle, an asocarp that grows underground and emits strong odors.
Morchella esculenta, or succulent morel, have edible asocarp and are usually found under trees in orchards.
What are ”fairy rings”? Explain how they grow.
Fairy rings are rings of mushrooms that may appear on a lawn literally overnight. Since basidiomycete mycelium concentrates growth in the hyphae of mushrooms, it can quickly erect its fruiting structures in just a few hours because a mushroom pops up as it absorbs water and as cytoplasm.
Fungi are heterotrophs and have three modes of nutrition. Explain each mode of nutrition, and describe a fungus that exhibits it: decomposer, parasitism, mutualism.
Decomposer- Basidiomycota, Zygomycota
Parasitism- Chytrids
Mutualism- Glomeromycotan
