Ch 29 Medications Flashcards
(50 cards)
What are medication’s in reference to nursing functions
Medications are basic nursing functions that needs skillful technique to assess patient status
Who signs generic names
what is a trademark name
what is an official name and give a.k.a.
-what is it typically?
Generic names: assigned by manufacturer that first developed drug
Trade name: “ brand-name” Buy company that sells drug
Official name (monograph) a name by which drug is identified in official publications • typically generic name
What are contraindications for enteral (NG) medication
- Vomiting -give suppository or IV instead
- look for pill in vomit - Decrease GI motility
- absence of gag reflex
- Decreased level of consciousness
What are vital nursing interventions to remember when giving oral medication
If elder cannot swallow a pill what can you do
What is a good indicator to let you know medication can be crushed
- patient sitting 45-90
- Promote swallowing with water
- Open medication tell patient what it is
- Give irritating medications with a small amount of food
If Elder cannot fall pill check with pharmacy to see if you can crush and mix with applesauce
If medication is scored it’s a good indicator it can be crushed
Give examples of topical medication
give suppository information
What do you want meeting if you’re applying medication’s to a wound
Topical: -liniment -lotion -ointment -suppository : through mucous membranes, melts transdermal
If apply medications to a wound maintain surgical a sepsis
What differentiates a caplete and a capsule
-what’s vital to remember about a capsule
Describe a tablet
where do enteric coated drugs dissolve
Describe elixir v describe syrup 
Caplet: coated for easy swallow
Capsule: gelatin shell DO NOT OPEN
Tablet: compressed powder
Enteric coated colon dissolve in small intestine
Elixir : water + alcohol + sweetener
syrup: mid + solution

Describe:
- Suspension
- solution
- ointment
- Trans dermal
- paste
Suspension: drug particles in liquid •SHAKE
Solution: water + dissolved compounds
•STERILE
Ointment “salve” : semi solid
Transdermal: semi permeable with drug to skin
Paste: semi-solid thicker than ointment
• slower absorption


What are drug classifications based on
Give the two primary classifications
Drugs classified by effects on body systems 
- Pharmaceutical
- MOA, physiological effects, Chemical structure - Therapeutic class
-clinical indication for drug or therapeutic action
(I.e: analgesic, antibiotic)
What are pharmacokinetics give 4 parts
Pharmacokinetics: body on drug
A
D : after absorption, to body
M: liver
E: kidneys
What are a few factors affect absorption of medication
Route, lipid solubility, pH, blood flow, conditions at the side of administration, dose
What is pharmacodynamics
How do drugs alter body processes
When does drug receptor interaction occur
Pharmacodynamics: drug on body
Drugs alter body by turning on, off, promoting, blocking responses of body processes
Drug receptor interactions occur when drug interacts with one more structures
 What are a few adverse effects Of drugs
Anaphylaxis drug tolerance toxins idiosyncratic effects drug interactions
Define therapeutic range
define trout
Define half-life
Therapeutic range: concentration of drug in the blood that produces the desired effects
Trough level: drug in the lowest concentration in the body
Half life: Anout of time it takes for 50% of a drug to be eliminated
What is another name for a standing order
Standing order = routine order
Give the parts of a medication order
What do you compare the medication to
What determines when the nurse is given medication
why military time used
Medication order parts:
- patient’s name
- date and time written
- drug name, dose, route
- frequency
- signature of prescriber
Compare the medication to the MAR
Hospital policy determines when nurse gives medications
Military time used to decrease errors
What timeframe is considered On time for medication administration
What do you monitor with insulin sliding scales
What are you do after administration
30 minutes pre-/post indicates on time for medication administration
If using insulin sliding scales monitor glucose
DOCUMENT ALL MEDS
Define stock supply
How are medications kept before you get them from the dispensing system
When using the barcode enabled medication cart what must you scan
What do computerize medication dispensing systems control and what are they connected to
Stock supply is the large quantity of medications kept on the unit 
Medication‘s are kept under lock before retrieval
To use barcode medication cart scan the drug and the bracelet to verify
Computerized medication dispensing systems control medication dispense and art networked to a medication record to keep track
When prescribing controlled substances what MUST be included in administration documentation 
What are you do if you only use half of the dispensed narcotic
When are narcotics counted and what happens if the account does not match
Controlled substances administration:
- name of patient receiving
- amount used
- hour given and pooled
- name of prescriber and administering nurse
If you do not use for narcotic have a second nurse see you properly dispose of the medication
Narcotics counted at the beginning and end of shift if numbers off you must report in an investigation must be done
Give the three checks of medication administration
- When reaching four container
- After getting from drawer /before pouring from multidose container
-  at bedside
- before giving/ replacing multidose container back on shelf
What are the steps to take if a medication error happens
#1 check patient IMMEDIATELY!!! -patient is #1 priority
- Tell nurse manager and Dr. within shift
- Write a description of error and remedial steps in the MAR
- Complete error reporting form
- Report to risk manager so they can do a root cause analysis

What is the most common type of medication error
Give a few examples of the types of medication errors
Wrong dose = most common med error
- Inappropriate prescribing
- sounded alike / look-alike
- extra: not documented, omitted, wrong Dose
- wrong patient, wrong route, rate., Time
- wrong prep, deteriorated(expired)

What is a Nurses rule during medication reconciliation
For my kitchen reconciliation nurse messenger right medications and no duplicates
Ensure no medication forgotten
What is vital to remember when it comes to verbal orders
DO NOT TAKE VERBAL ORDERS 
- unless emergency, but ask Doc to put into system
- have two nurses here the order and say it back (REPEAT IT) 
- only use approved symbols
In the prevention of medication errors:
When mixing what do you wanna check
What labs are pertinent to check when giving meds
Can you administer medications prepared by others
- unless?
bedside med Opening med 2x check Deterioration 
To prevent medication errors:
-check compatibility charts if mixing
-check kidney and liver function labs before giving medication
-you CANNOT administer medication prepared by others
• unless you saw them draw up the medication
Never leave mid at bedside, open medication at bedside
Some medication PINCH+ hyper alimentation (TPN) Need a 2nd nurse check
Check expiration date

