Ch. 29 Respiratory System

Question 1

System of the body concerned with gas transport and exchange

Answer 1

Respiratory System

Question 2

The respiratory system exists in two phases:

Answer 2

Conductive phase

Gas exchange phase

Question 3

Has of the respiratory system concerned with the movement of gasses from the outer environment through the respiratory tubes to the lungs

Answer 3

Conductive phase

Question 4

Phase of the respiratory system concerned with exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the blood and they air sacs of the lungs.

Answer 4

Gas exchange phase.

Question 5

The organs of the respiratory system in the order that air passes from the outer environment to the lungs:

Answer 5

Nasal cavity (or oral) 
Pharynx
Larynx
Trachea
Bronchi
Bronchioles
Lungs

Question 6

Cartilaginous and membranous tube extending from the larynx above to the point at which it bifurcates into two primary bronchi below

Answer 6

Trachea

Question 7

Air is conducted through the trachea during the process of ___

Answer 7

respiration

Question 8

Length of trachea in vivo

Answer 8

15 cm

Question 9

The trachea is composed of a series of _____ C-shaped rings made of ___ so that each almost encircles the lumen.

Answer 9

16-20; hyaline cartilage

Question 10

Open ends of these incomplete laThe open ends of the incomplete cartilaginous rings of the trachea are directed___

Answer 10

posteriorly

Question 11

The gap between the two ends of each ring in the trachea is bridged by _________

Answer 11

connective tissue and smooth muscle

Question 12

Connective tissue bridge of tracheal rings is adjacent to the posteriorly related ______

Answer 12

esophagus

Question 13

Marks the end of the trachea and the beginning of two primary bronchi

Answer 13

tracheal bifurcation

Question 14

Primary bronchi enter the substance of the ___

Answer 14

lungs

Question 15

The trachea terminates by bifurcating into two ______

Answer 15

primary bronchi (right and left)

Question 16

The right primary bronchus is _________ compared to the left

Answer 16

wider, shorter, straighter (forms a less acute angle with the trachea)

Question 17

Length of right primary bronchus

Answer 17

2.5 cm

Question 18

The right primary bronchus enters the right lung at the hills of the right lung and divides into three _____

Answer 18

secondary bronchi

Question 19

Each secondary bronchi is for each of the ___

Answer 19

lobes of the lungs

Question 20

Each of the secondary bronchi divides into several ______

Answer 20

tertiary bronchi

Question 21

Each tertiary bronchi supplies a ____

Answer 21

bronchopulmonary segment

Question 22

Largest segment within a lobe of the lung

Answer 22

Bronchopulmonary segment

Question 23

Bronchopulmonary segments are separated from each other by _____ that prevent diffusion of air from one segment to another

Answer 23

connective tissue septa

Question 24

The left primary bronchus is ___ in caliber, but about ____ as long as the right pulmonary bronchus

Answer 24

smaller; twice

Question 25

Length of left primary bronchus

Answer 25

5 cm

Question 26

Objects falling through the trachea would most likely lodge in the _____ because it is more in Lin with the trachea.

Answer 26

right primary bronchus

Question 27

Left primary bronchus enters the left lung through the ___ and it divides into two ________, one for the upper lobe an done for the lower lobe.

Answer 27

hilus; secondary bronchi

Question 28

tertiary bronchi subdivide further into more bronchi and then into many ___

Answer 28

bronchioles

Question 29

Differences between bronchi and bronchioles

Answer 29

Bronchioles are smaller and more numerous Bronchioles do not require cartilages in their walls to keep them from collapsing on the inspiratory movements because they are inside the substance of the lung -- which itself is expanded during inspiratory movements.

Question 30

Terminal bronchioles in turn divide into ___

Answer 30

respiratory bronchioles

Question 31

Short tubes composed of connective tissue and smooth muscles

Answer 31

respiratory bronchioles

Question 32

Why are respiratory bronchioles called respiratory?

Answer 32

A few alveoli bud off the respiratory bronchioles

Question 33

The respiratory bronchioles branch in cone-like radiation in _____ alveolar ducts

Answer 33

2-11

Question 34

Long, thin walled tubes of connective tissue and smooth muscle

Answer 34

alveolar ducts

Question 35

From the alveolar ducts arise ___ and ___ that contain two or more alveoli

Answer 35

single alveoli; alveolar sacs

Question 36

At the level of _____ there are no longer any cartilage or smooth muscle

Answer 36

alveoli

Question 37

All that remains as the alveolar wall is a thin layer of ____ and ______

Answer 37

epithelium and connective tissue

Question 38

Most conspicuous feature of the alveoli is

Answer 38

the presence of numerous capillaries adjacent to them

Question 39

The capillaries are so situated that a great portion of their surface is directed toward the ____

Answer 39

alveoli

Question 40

Membrane constituted by alveolar wall and the capillary wall through which gas exchange occurs

Answer 40

respiratory membrane

Question 41

Rounded superior end of the lung

Answer 41

apex

Question 42

Three surfaces of each lung

Answer 42

Costal surface Diaphragmatic surface Medial surface

Question 43

Surface of the lung adjacent to the thoracic wall (sternum, ribs, costal cartilages, intercostal muscles)

Answer 43

costal surface

Question 44

Surface of the lung adjacent to the upper surface of the diaphragm

Answer 44

diaphragmatic surface (base)

Question 45

surface of the lung adjacent to the heart and other thoracic organs.

Answer 45

Medial surface

Question 46

Location through which all structures that enter or leave the lung pass

Answer 46

Hilus

Question 47

Which surface is the hilus a part of?

Answer 47

Medial surface

Question 48

The name given collectively to all of the structures that enter or leave the lung at the hilus

Answer 48

root of the lung

Question 49

Structures forming the root

Answer 49

Pulmonary artery Pulmonary veins Primary bronchus

Question 50

Branch of the pulmonary trunk that brings deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lung

Answer 50

pulmonary artery

Question 51

Carry oxygenated blood from the lung back to the heart (left atrium)

Answer 51

Pulmonary veins

Question 52

Branch of the trachea; it serves as a passageway for air

Answer 52

Primary bronchus

Question 53

Right lung has two fissures:

Answer 53

Oblique fissure and Transverse (horizontal) fissure

Question 54

Two fissures of the right lung subdivide the lung into three lobes:

Answer 54

Upper Middle Lower

Question 55

The left lung has one fissure:

Answer 55

Oblique fissure

Question 56

The oblique fissure of the left lung subdivides it into two lobes

Answer 56

Upper | Lower

Question 57

Ina addition to the lobes, the left lobe also contains:

Answer 57

Lingula | Cardiac notch