Ch. 3

Question 1

long strings of genetic material known as deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)

Answer 1

Chromosomes

Question 2

A sequence of DNA that controls or partially controls physical characteristics

Answer 2

Gene

Question 3

The genetic makeup of an individual

Answer 3

genotype

Question 4

Refers to the individuals inherited physical characteristics which are a combination of genetic and environmental influences

Answer 4

phenotype

Question 5

A sudden permanent change in a gene

Answer 5

Mutation

Question 6

serve as interconnected information processors that are essential for all of the tasks of the nervous system, the central building bloscks of the nervous system.

Answer 6

Neurons

Question 7

drugs that treat
psychiatric symptoms by restoring neurotransmitter balance.

Answer 7

Psychotropic medications

Question 8

chemicals that mimic a neurotransmitter at the receptor site

Answer 8

Agonist

Question 9

blocks or
impedes the normal activity of a neurotransmitter at the receptor.

Answer 9

Antagonist

Question 10

comprised of the brain and spinal cord;

Answer 10

Central Nervous System

Question 11

connects the CNS to the rest of the body

Answer 11

Peripheral nervous system

Question 12

associated with activities traditionally thought of as conscious or voluntary

Answer 12

Somatic Nervous System

Question 13

controls our internal organs and glands and is generally considered to be
outside the realm of voluntary control

Answer 13

Autonomic Nervous System

Question 14

Sub system of the Autonomic Nervous System that prepares the body for stress related operations.

Answer 14

Sympathetic nervous system

Question 15

Sub system of the Autonomic Nervous System helps return the body to routine, day to day operations

Answer 15

Parasympathetic Nervous system

Question 16

A state of equilibrium or balance

Answer 16

Homeostasis

Question 17

refers to how the
nervous system can change and adapt

Answer 17

Neuroplasticity

Question 18

The surface of the brain is known as the

Answer 18

Cerebral cortex

Question 19

the deep groove that separates the
brain into two halves or hemispheres

Answer 19

longitudinal fissure

Question 20

The largest part of the brain where the two hemispheres of the cerebral cortex are

Answer 20

Forebrain

Question 21

What are the four lobes of the brain

Answer 21

Frontal Lobe, Temporal Lobe, Parietal Lobe and Occipital Lobe

Question 22

involved in processing both emotion and memory, the sense of smell projects directly here.

Answer 22

Limbic System

Question 23

receives messages from muscles, tendons, joints, and structures in
our ear to control balance, coordination, movement, and motor skills. Thought to play a role in forming muscle memory and new task

Answer 23

Cerebellum

Question 24

Like neurotransmitters, these are chemical messengers that must bind to a receptor in
order to send their signal. However, unlike neurotransmitters, which are released in close proximity to cells
with their receptors, they are secreted into the bloodstream and travel throughout the body, affecting any
cells that contain receptors for them

Answer 24

Hormones

Question 25

Gland that releases hormones that regulate growth, metabolism, and appetite.

Answer 25

Thyroid

Question 26

secrete hormones involved in the stress response, such as
epinephrine (adrenaline) and norepinephrine (noradrenaline)

Answer 26

Adrenal