Ch. 3

Question 1

What are the first five carbon chain prefixes?

Answer 1

1 meth
2 eth
3 prop
4 but
5 pent

Question 2

What are the last five carbon chain prefixes?

Answer 2

6 hex
7 hep
8 oct
9 non
10 dec

Question 3

if a compound has a ring it is called

Answer 3

cyclo

Question 4

what are the four main carbon substituent names?

Answer 4

methyl (Ch3) Ethyl (Ch2 Ch3) Propyl (Ch2Ch2Ch3) and Isopropy (3 carbons but looks like a Y)

Question 5

alkane? alkene? alkyne?

Answer 5

ane is single bond, ene is double bond, yne is triple bond

Question 6

alcohol has what structure? thiol? ether?

Answer 6

alcohol - R-OH
thiol - R-SH
ether R-O-R

Question 7

phenol has what structure? aldehyde? ketone?

Answer 7

phenol is a benzene ring with a hydroxyl group
aldehyde is like carb acid but with a hydrogen and carbon
ketone is carb acid but with two carbons attached to double bonded oxygen

Question 8

carb acid has what structure? anhydride, ester?

Answer 8

carb acid is like aldehyde but with a carbon and a hydroxy group
anhydride is like who carb acid linked together by the oxygen
and ester is like ketone but one of the carbons is connected to a oxygen

Question 9

what are the five steps to naming an alkane?

Answer 9

1. identify the longest carbon chain
2. identify any substituents
3. number the carbons so that the subs start on the lowest number
4. group sub if needed by number
5. alphabetize all the substituents

Question 10

what are the prefixes for naming compounds with halogens.

Answer 10

Bromo for bromine
chloro for chlorine
fluoro for fluorine
iodo for iodine

Question 11

when grouping sub that are on the same carbon, what is important to note about the numbers and prefixes in the name

Answer 11

if there are 3 identical sub on the same carbon then in the name you include the number of the carbon three times like 1,1,1 trichloro

Question 12

what is important to note when youre naming compounds with alcohol

Answer 12

alcohol will always start at the lowest carbon