Ch 3: The Federal System

Question 0

Confederation

Answer 0

National government gets powerful states

Question 1

Federal system

Answer 1

National and state governments share power; both get power from people

Question 2

Unitary system

Answer 2

State and local governments get power from national government

Question 3

Enumerated powers

Answer 3

Powers listed in article 1 section 8 of the Constitution

Question 4

Implied powers

Answer 4

Powers gotten from the necessary and proper clause, article 1 section 8 clause 18

Question 5

10th amendment

Answer 5

Powers not granted to the national government go to the states or the people

Question 6

Reserved powers

Answer 6

Powers reserved to the states through the 10th amendment

Question 7

Concurrent powers

Answer 7

Powers shared by the national and state government’s

Question 8

Bill of attainder

Answer 8

A law declaring an act illegal without a judicial trial

Question 9

Ex post facto law

Answer 9

A law that makes an act illegal even if it was legal at the time it was committed

Question 10

Full faith and credit clause

Answer 10

Article 4-ensues judicial decrees and contracts made in one state will be binding and enforceable in any state

Question 11

Privileges and immunities clause

Answer 11

Article 4-every citizen has the same rights regardless of the state they live in

Question 12

Extradition clause

Answer 12

Article 4-requires states to return criminals to the state where they had been convicted

Question 13

Interstate compacts

Answer 13

Contracts between states that carry the force of law

Question 14

Dillon’s rule

Answer 14

All local governments do not have inherent sovereignty and must be authorized by state governments; state governments can create or destroy them

Question 15

Charter

Answer 15

A document that specifies the basic policies procedures and institutions of the local government

Question 16

County

Answer 16

Basic administrative unit of local government

Question 17

Municipality

Answer 17

City governments created in response to the emergence of relatively densely populated areas

Question 18

Special district

Answer 18

Local government that is restricted to a particular function

Question 19

McCulloch v. Maryland

Answer 19

Grants Congress implied powers for implementing the constitutions express powers

Question 20

Gibbons v. Ogden

Answer 20

Commerce clause designated power to Congress to regulate interstate commerce

Question 21

Baron v. Baltimore

Answer 21

State governments are not bound by the fifth amendments requirement for just compensation cases of eminent domain

Question 22

Dual federalism

Answer 22

Believe that having separate and equally powerful levels of government is the best arrangement; layer cake federalism

Question 23

Nullification

Answer 23

The right of the state to declare void a federal law

Question 24

Dred Scott v. Sandford

Answer 24

African-Americans, slaves or free, aren’t citizens and therefore can’t sue in federal court

Question 25

16th amendment

Answer 25

Congress can enact a national income tax

Question 26

17th amendment

Answer 26

Direct election of Senators

Question 27

Cooperative federalism

Answer 27

Intertwined relationship between the national, state, and local government’s; marble cake federalism

Question 28

New deal

Answer 28

FDR’s way of combatting the Great Depression

Question 29

Categorical grant

Answer 29

Grants given by Congress for specific things

Question 30

New federalism

Answer 30

The return of power to the states; started by Reagan in the 1980s

Question 31

Block Grant

Answer 31

Grants given by Congress with general spending guidelines

Question 32

Programmatic requests

Answer 32

Federal funds designated for special projects within a state or congressional District

Question 33

Preemption

Answer 33

Allows national government to override state and local actions and certain policy areas

Question 34

Progressive federalism

Answer 34

Views relations between national and state governments as coercive and cooperative