CH 32 Flashcards
(24 cards)
The skin helps regulate body temperature through:
peripheral vasodilation, which shunts cool blood to the core of the body.
cutaneous vasoconstriction, which brings warm blood to the skin’s surface.
increased elastin production, which provides insulation to the epidermis.
the production of sweat, which is evaporated from the surface of the skin.
the production of sweat, which is evaporated from the surface of the skin.
When caring for a patient with an open chest wound, you should:
frequently assess breath sounds for indications of a pneumothorax.
place a porous dressing over the wound and secure it on three sides.
secure a dressing in place by circumferentially wrapping the chest.
routinely transport the patient in a left lateral recumbent position.
frequently assess breath sounds for indications of a pneumothorax.
Which of the following is a function of the skin?
Sensing changes in the internal environment
Protecting the underlying tissue from injury
Killing bacteria and infections
Providing the immune response for the body
Protecting the underlying tissue from injury
A 41-year-old man was assaulted during a robbery attempt. Your primary assessment reveals that the patient is semiconscious. He has massive soft-tissue trauma to the face, inadequate breathing, and oropharyngeal bleeding. You should:
insert a nasal airway, apply oxygen via nonrebreathing mask, and transport.
suction his oropharynx for 30 seconds and then perform endotracheal intubation.
apply direct pressure to his facial wounds and promptly intubate him.
suction the blood from his mouth and assist ventilations with a bag-mask device.
suction the blood from his mouth and assist ventilations with a bag-mask device.
Which of the following conditions or factors would most likely delay or impair healing of a wound?
Obesity
Diabetes
Hypertension
Alcohol use
Diabetes
When applying a dressing and bandage to a scalp wound, you should:
apply a cervical collar in case the c-spine is injured.
carefully assess the skull for an underlying fracture.
always use a loose dressing to soak up the blood.
remove any foreign particles from the wound first.
carefully assess the skull for an underlying fracture.
A patient with nerve compromise following an open injury to the hand:
requires prompt transport to the hospital.
should be given analgesia for the pain.
will not be able to move their hand.
will likely lose all neurologic function.
requires prompt transport to the hospital.
Applying direct pressure to a bleeding wound stops the flow of blood because:
pressure shunts blood away from the injury.
pressure stimulates the release of fibrin.
it allows platelets to seal the vascular walls.
direct pressure facilitates vasoconstriction.
it allows platelets to seal the vascular walls.
A 30-year-old man presents with jaw and neck stiffness and fever. During your assessment, he tells you that he cut his hand on a piece of metal about a week ago. You should suspect:
tetanus.
a staph infection.
a viral infection.
meningitis.
tetanus.
A crushing or tearing amputation:
causes less blood loss than expected because the blood vessels retain their ability to constrict.
is initially treated by applying a proximal tourniquet and retrieving any detached body parts.
can result in excessive blood loss due to hemorrhage if the paramedic does not intervene rapidly.
cannot be surgically reattached due to the severe vascular and soft-tissue damage that accompanies it.
can result in excessive blood loss due to hemorrhage if the paramedic does not intervene rapidly.
Systemic signs of infection secondary to a soft-tissue injury include:
erythema.
pus drainage.
fever and chills.
lymphangitis.
fever and chills.
Which of the following statements regarding crush injury is correct?
Gangrene often sets in if a body part is entrapped for longer than 30 minutes.
Crush syndrome can occur if the body part is entrapped for more than 4 hours.
A crush injury can occur if the patient is left in an air splint for greater than 1 hour.
In a crush injury, the external appearance is a good predictor of internal damage.
Crush syndrome can occur if the body part is entrapped for more than 4 hours.
A patient taking which of the following medications would most likely experience a delay in the healing of a wound?
Antihypertensives
Antidepressants
Acetaminophen
Corticosteroids
Corticosteroids
In contrast to a contusion, a hematoma is:
a less significant closed injury.
rarely accompanied by a bruise.
accompanied by ecchymosis.
caused by large vessel damage.
caused by large vessel damage.
Which of the following patients is at highest risk for a pressure injury?
An obese patient
A bedridden patient
A patient with diabetes
A hypertensive patient
A bedridden patient
During the inflammation phase of the healing process:
the processes of epithelialization and collagen synthesis are impaired.
damaged cell parts and microorganisms invade and infect the wound.
white blood cells are forced away from the injury by vasoconstriction.
histamine causes vasodilation and increased blood flow to the injury.
histamine causes vasodilation and increased blood flow to the injury.
The subcutaneous tissue is:
the layer of tissue above the dermis that mainly produces sweat.
a thin layer of tissue from which blood vessels exclusively originate.
also called the superficial fascia and consists mainly of adipose tissue.
the deep fascial layer that ensheathes muscle and other internal structures.
also called the superficial fascia and consists mainly of adipose tissue.
A laceration that lies perpendicular to the skin’s tension lines:
generally remains closed and does not require suturing or other methods of wound closure.
results in minimal external bleeding and typically heals spontaneously within 2 to 3 hours.
does not disrupt the body’s blood-clotting process and tends to heal without the formation of a scar.
often remains open, heals more slowly, and is more likely to result in abnormal scar formation.
often remains open, heals more slowly, and is more likely to result in abnormal scar formation.
A 22-year-old man was struck in the forehead by a softball. He is conscious and alert, but complains of a severe headache. Your assessment reveals a large hematoma to his forehead. His vital signs are stable and his breathing is adequate. You should:
apply firm manual pressure to the hematoma to reduce internal bleeding.
apply an icepack to the hematoma and monitor his level of consciousness.
start an IV of normal saline and administer 2 mg of morphine for the pain.
place him in a sitting position and apply a chemical heat pack to his head.
apply an icepack to the hematoma and monitor his level of consciousness.
Which of the following statements regarding lacerations is correct?
The first priority in treating a laceration is to cover it with a sterile dressing to prevent infection.
A laceration must be sutured or otherwise closed within 8 to 10 hours following the injury.
Lacerations are linear cuts that tend to heal well due to their relatively even wound margins.
The seriousness of a laceration depends on its depth and the structures that have been damaged.
The seriousness of a laceration depends on its depth and the structures that have been damaged.
Necrosis of tissue caused by an anaerobic, toxin-producing bacterium is called:
gangrene.
lymphedema.
fasciitis.
tetanus.
gangrene.
Which of the following medications would most likely interfere with hemostasis?
Tylenol
Warfarin
Procrit
Paxil
Warfarin
A young woman attempted to commit suicide by cutting her wrist. Bright red blood is spurting from the injury site. Despite direct pressure, the wound continues to bleed heavily. You should:
apply supplemental oxygen and keep her warm.
apply a tourniquet between her elbow and wrist.
locate and apply digital pressure to the brachial artery.
elevate the extremity above the level of her heart.
apply a tourniquet between her elbow and wrist.
Packing a wound with hemostatic-impregnated gauze is indicated when:
tourniquet placement is not possible.
the wound is below the elbow or knee.
severe intra-abdominal bleeding is present.
the patient’s systolic blood pressure is greater than 90 mm Hg.
tourniquet placement is not possible.
