Ch. 3.2

Question 1

Cultural turn

Answer 1

Sociology’s recent emphasis on understanding the role of culture in daily life.

Question 2

Hunting and gathering societies

Answer 2

Small numbers of people. Hunt, fish, and gather for survival.
Few inequalities.
Social status determined by age and gender.

Question 3

Agrarian societies

Answer 3

Based on small rural communities without towns or cities.
Livelihood through agriculture with some hunting ad fishing.
Stronger inequalities than among haters and gatherers.
Ruled by chiefs.
I.E. Ancient Samoans.

Question 4

Pastoral Societies

Answer 4

Range from a few hundred to many thousand.
Depend on the tending of domesticated animals for survival.
Distinct inequalities
Ruled by chiefs or warrior kings.

Question 5

Traditional societies or civilizations

Answer 5

Large in size (millions)
Some cities (for trade and manufacturing)
Based largely on agriculture
Major inequalities exist between classes
Distinct apparatus of government, headed by king or emperor.