ch-39p2

Question 1

The main cause of this condition is small tidal volumes

Answer 1

Passive or compression atelectasis

Question 2

Decreased or increased surfactant production is a risk for atelectasis.

Answer 2

Decreased

Question 3

Actelasis is a \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ disease which is associated with loss of FRC.
A. Obstructive
B.  Restrictive
C.  Chronic
D.  Acute

Answer 3

B. Restrictive

Question 4

What is FRC and what is the value?

Answer 4

Functional Residual Capacity: 2400 mL

Question 5

What is TLC?

Answer 5

Total Lung Capacity: 6000 mL

Question 6

What is the formula for Residual Volume?

Answer 6

RV = FRC - ERV

Question 7

What is VC?

Answer 7

Vital Capacity - 4800 ml

Question 8

What is the biggest volume you can add after exhale called?

Answer 8

IRV

Question 9

What is the value for FRC?

Answer 9

2400 mL

Question 10

What is the value for RV?

Answer 10

1200 mL

Question 11

What is IRV + TV = ?

Answer 11

Inspiratory Capacity= 3600 mL

Question 12

You cannot make this go away in your lungs?

Answer 12

Residual Volume RV 1200 mL

Question 13

What is the value for total lung capacity?

Answer 13

6000 mL

Question 14

This air keeps alveoli open, it will not leave

Answer 14

FRC

Question 15

Your resting expiratory level?

Answer 15

Tidal Volume

Question 16

What is the value of Tidal Volume

Answer 16

500 mL

Question 17

What is the value of Vital capacity?

Answer 17

4800 mL

Question 18

What is the largest value at 6000 mL?

Answer 18

Total lung capacity

Question 19

What are some contraindications of Incentive Spirometry?

Answer 19

A patient cannot be instructed or supervised
Patient cooperation is absent
Patient cannot deep breathe
VC less than 10 ml/kg

Question 20

What are some hazards of IS?

Answer 20

Hyperventilation
Baratrauma
Pain
Fatigue
Hypoxia from movement of O2 mask
Exacerbation of bronchospasm

Question 21

The transpulmonary pressure gradient is increased or decreased by:
Decrease pleural pressure
Increase alveolar pressure

Answer 21

Increased: Transpulmonary pressure gradient is increased by decreased pleural pressure & increased alveolar pressure

Question 22

The common purpose of lung expansion therapy is to improve pulmonary function by:

Answer 22

Maximizing airway clearance

Question 23

The most common factor that lung expansion therapies include is that they are designed to increase:
A.  Improve airway resistance
B.  the work of breathing
C.  Functional residual capacity
D.  Tidal volumes

Answer 23

C. Functional residual capacity

Question 24

Atelectasis is one of the most important determinants of hypoxemia after abdominal surgery and may account for \_\_\_\_\_\_\_of deaths within 6 days of surgery.
A.  30%
B.  15%
C.  21%
D.  24%

Answer 24

D. 24%

Question 25

Impairment of the function of pulmonary surfactant can also have an impact on the development of atelectasis. T or F

Answer 25

True

Question 26

Surfactants decrease or increase the surface tension of the walls of the alveoli

Answer 26

Decrease

Question 27

``` _________ sounds are common when excessive secretions block the airways and prevent transmissions of breath sounds. A. Crackles B. Wheezing C. Diminished breath D. Abnormal ```

Answer 27

C. Diminished breath

Question 28

``` ___________ may be present if atelectasis leads to significant hypoxemia. A. Increased lung sounds B. Tachycardia C. Wheezing D. decreased respiratory rate ```

Answer 28

B. Tachycardia

Question 29

All modes of lung expansion therapy increase lung volume by A. increasing the transpulmonary pressure (PL) gradient. B. Decreasing airway resistance C. Reduce alveolar pressure D. increasing FRC

Answer 29

A. increasing the transpulmonary gradient

Question 30

The PL gradient can be increased by either: A. decreasing surrounding pleural pressure B. increasing the alveolar pressure C. Increasing surrounding pleural pressure D. Decreasing the alveolar pressure

Answer 30

A decreasing surrounding pleural pressure | B. Increasing the alveolar pressure

Question 31

``` A spontaneous deep inspiration increases the pulmonary pressure gradient by: A. increasing pleural pressure B. decreasing the pleural pressure. C. clearing mucous levels D. decreasing alveolar pressure ```

Answer 31

B. decreasing the pleural pressure

Question 32

``` Incentive spirometry enhances lung expansion via a spontaneous & sustained: A. decrease in pleural pressure. B. increase in pleural pressure C. decrease in alveolar pressure D. increase in FRC ```

Answer 32

A. decrease in pleural pressure