Ch 4&5

Question 1

With the mini mental status exam, what score is considered abnormal?

Answer 1

= 24

Question 2

What is the mini mental exam for TBI?

Answer 2

SCAT 5

Question 3

What is the worst score for the Glasgow Coma Scale? What’s the best score?

Answer 3

3

15

Question 4

___-___% of concussion ares mild

Answer 4

75-95

Question 5

What is the most common cause of TBI’s?

Answer 5

Motor vehicle accidents (45%)

In the elderly, falls are more likely the cause, and motor vehicle accidents are more common in the young.

Question 6

In football alone, an estimated ___% of US college and ___ % of US high school players sustain brain injuries each season

Answer 6

10%

20%

Question 7

What structure does an epidural hematoma involve?

Answer 7

Middle meningeal arteries

Question 8

What structure does an subdural hematoma involve?

Answer 8

Venous bleed

Question 9

What structure does an contusion involve?

Answer 9

Intracerebral hemorrhage (brain bruise)

Question 10

What is the pneumonic for red flag in traumatic brain injuries?

Answer 10

I Need My Very Special Head Protection

Increasing Impairment of consciousness
Nausea/vomiting, persistent/worsening
Motor activity decreased or posturing, clumsiness, weakness
Vitals or Vision or other CN (BP,

Question 11

What does PERRLA stand for?

Answer 11

Pupils equal, round, reactive to light, accommodate

Question 12

What should you do if you are with someone who you suspect just got a concussion?

Answer 12

• Protect the neck (assume they have a C/S injury)
• check level of consciousness (GCS - call 911 if <13)
• check for signs of skull fracture (battle sign, raccoon eyes, leakage of CSF in ear or nose)
• perform neurological exam (mini mental status, CN, pupils, C/S neck torsion & AROM)

Question 13

For GCS, what are the motor responses and what are their scores?

Answer 13

Obeying, normal (6)
Localizing stimuli (5)
Withdrawing (4)
Flexing, decorticating posture (3)
Extending, decerebrate posture (2)
None (1)

Question 14

For GCS, what are the verbal responses and what are their scores?

Answer 14

Orientated, conversational (5)
Inappropriate words (4)
Unintelligible words (3)
Incomprehensible/moaning to noxious stimuli (2)
None (1)

Question 15

For GCS, what are the eye opening responses and what are their scores?

Answer 15

Spontaneous (4)
To speech (3)
To pain (2)
None (1)

Question 16

What are the severe. Moderate and mild scores for GCS?

Answer 16

Severe = 3-9
Moderate = 9-12
Mild = 13-15

Question 17

What are indicators for advanced imaging with LOC and amnesia?

Answer 17

Diffuse headache
Vomiting
GCS <15
Short term memory loss
Focal neurologic deficit
Seizure
Evidence of trauma above clavicle
>60 years old
Intoxication 
Coagulopathy

Question 18

What are indicators for advanced imaging withOUT LOC OR amnesia?

Answer 18

Severe headache
GCS <15
Focal neuro deficits 
Vomiting
Signs of basilar skull fracture
>65 years old
Significant mechanism of injury
Coagulopathy

Question 19

What is the most common physical symptoms a patient with a concussion complains of?

Answer 19

Headache

Question 20

What are the 4 types of possible concussion symptoms?

Answer 20

• cognitive
• affective/emotional
• sleep
• somatic/physical