Ch 4

Question 1

Economic cost

Answer 1

Financial cost associated with victimization

Question 2

Post traumatic stress disorder PTSD

Answer 2

Psychiatric anxiety disorder caused by experiencing traumatic events such as war or violence

Question 3

Characterological self-blame

Answer 3

Person describes blame to a non-modifiable source, such as his or her character

Question 4

Behavioral self blame

Answer 4

When a person believes she or he did something to cause own victimization

Question 5

Learned helplessness

Answer 5

Idea that victims believe they are unable to change their situation and stop trying to resist

Question 6

Avoidance behaviors

Answer 6

Restrictions that people place on their own behaviors To protect themselves from harm

Question 7

Defensive or protective behaviors

Answer 7

Behaviors engage into guard against victimization, such as purchasing a weapon

Question 8

Victim precipitation

Answer 8

The extent to which a victim is responsible for his or her own victimization

Question 9

Victim facilitation

Answer 9

When a victim makes it, unintentionally, easier for an offender to commit a crime

Question 10

Victim provocation

Answer 10

When a person actually does something that incites another person to commit an illegal act

Question 11

Victimization theory

Answer 11

Generally a set of testable proposition design to explain why person is victimized

Question 12

Motivated offenders

Answer 12

People who will commit crime if given an opportunity

Question 13

Suitable targets

Answer 13

The idea that victims are chosen by offenders based on their attractiveness in the crime situation

Question 14

Capable guardianship

Answer 14

Means by which a person or target can be effectively guarded So that a victimization is prevented from occurring

Question 15

Principle of homogamy

Answer 15

The idea that people who share characteristics of offenders or more at risk of victimization, given that they are more likely to come into contact with offenders.

Question 16

Hot spots

Answer 16

Areas that crime are prone

Question 17

Family structure

Answer 17

Household style or shape

Question 18

Structural density

Answer 18

Percentage of units in structures of five or more units

Question 19

Residential mobility

Answer 19

The percentage of persons five and older living in a different house from five years before

Question 20

Victim compensation

Answer 20

The right of victims to have monies that they lost due to victimization be repaid to them by the state

Question 21

Victim of crime act of 1984 VOCA

Answer 21

Created office for victims of crimes and provided funds for victim compensation

Question 22

Victim impact statement VIS

Answer 22

Statement made to the court by the victim or his or her family about the harm caused in the desired sentence for the offender

Question 23

Family justice centers

Answer 23

Centers that provide a wide range Of services to crime victims and their families

Question 24

Victim – offender mediation program

Answer 24

Sessions led by a third-party in which the victim and offender meet face-to-face to come to an agreement as to what should happen to the offender

Question 25

Diversion

Answer 25

Offender not formally charged if she or he completes required programs

Question 26

Restorative justice

Answer 26

A movement recognizing that crime is a harm not just to the state but to the victim and the community as well. It’s six to use all entities in response to crime and allows for input from the victim, the offender, and community members harmed in making a determination of how to repair the harm caused by the offender