Ch 4: Functional Groups Flashcards
(20 cards)
Hydroxyl Structure
-OH
Hydroxyl Properties
polar => attracts H2O
electronegative bc of O
Hydroxyl Names
alcohols
Carbonyl Structure
x. O
//
– C
\
O
Carbonyl Properties
aldehyde & ketones can be structural isomers
Carbonyl Names
Ketone & Aldehyde
Ketone
in the middle of the carbon skeleton
Aldehyde
at the end of the carbon skeleton
Carboxyl Structure
x. O
//
– C
\
OH
Carboxyl Names
carboxylic acid
Carboxyl Properties
source of H ions => acidic
H can detach => covalent bond between O & H (giving ion form)
Amino Structure
x. H
/
– N
\
H
Amino Name
amines
Amino properties
acts as base => H acceptor
Sulfhydryl Structure
- SH
Sulfhydryl Name
thiols
Sulfhydryl Properties
2 can interact to stabilize a protein
Phosphate Structure
x O
||
- O - P - O
|
O
Phosphate Name
organic phosphate
Phosphate Properties
- makes any molecule an anion
- can transfer E between organic molecules
