Ch 4 : Tissue Radiation Biology

Question 1

T/F

Theoretically, all cells are radioresistant.

Answer 1

False,

Theoretically, all cells are radiosensitive

Question 2

The function of an organ occurs at the ________ level.

Answer 2

Parenchymal

Question 3

Which is not an example of a stromal cell?

• hepatocytes
• ligaments
• veins
• arteries

Answer 3

Hepatocytes

B/c stromal provides structure and support

Question 4

What is the order of cell types from most sensitive to least sensitive?

Answer 4

VIM
DIM
Connective 
RPM
FPM

Question 5

On a cell survival curve, mature cells have _______ shoulder than immature cells.

Answer 5

A larger shoulder

Question 6

T/F

Late responding effects to radiation are more likely to require surgical intervention than early responding effects.

Answer 6

True

Question 7

Which of the following types of tissues is the most sensitive?

• bone marrow
• liver
• brain
• muscle

Answer 7

Bone marrow is the most sensitive b/c compared to the other options, it does NOT have a job specific function

Question 8

Stem cells are most accurately describe as what type of cell Population?

Answer 8

VIM cell

Question 9

VIM and DIM cells are most closely associated with ________ side effects of radiation

Answer 9

Acute side effects

Question 10

T/F

Mature lymphocytes are radioresistant.

Answer 10

False. Mature lymphocytes are radiosensitive

Question 11

T/F

In general, mature cells are radiosensitive

Answer 11

False, in general , mature cells are radioresistant with the exception of mature lymphocytes

Question 12

Which is NOT considered an early response to radiation?

• nausea and vomiting
• diarrhea
• changes in urinary frequency
• tissue fibroids

Answer 12

Tissue fibroids

This is considered as a LATE response to radiation

Question 13

Which of the following is the least radiosensitive?

• spermatogonium
• spermatid
• sperm
• spermatocytes

Answer 13

Sperm is the least radiosensitive

Question 14

Place the following in order from most sensitive to least sensitive
(Sperm, spermatocytes, spermatid, spermatogonium )

Answer 14

Spermatogonium 
Spermatocytes 
Spermatid 
Sperm 
**Hint, spelling gets shorter as cells become least sensitive (more mature) **

Question 15

Different cells have different radio-sensitivity. We can affect these sensitivities with _________ or _________.

Answer 15

Different drugs or Oxygen

Question 16

These scientist defined radio-sensitivity in terms of mitotic activity, degree of sensitivity and proliferation of cells

Answer 16

Bergonie and Tribondeau

Question 17

____________ (type therapy treatments)targets rapidly diving cells.

Answer 17

Chemotherapy and radiation therapy

Question 18

(Undifferentiated or Differentiated)

Radiosensitive but cells regenerate and repair.

Answer 18

Undifferentiated

Question 19

(Undifferentiated or Differentiated)

Insensitive (radioresistant) but cells does NOT regenerate or repair.

Answer 19

Differentiated

Question 20

Who stated that cells have inherent sensitivity, not conditional ?

Answer 20

Bergonie and Tribondeau

Question 21

Testes contains both _________ and _________

Answer 21

Testes contains both immature dividing and mature no dividing cells

Question 22

Law of Bergonie and Tribondeau states that…..

Answer 22

Immature, dividing cells are more sensitive than mature, nondividing cells.

Question 23

________________ defined 5 categories of cell population in terms of their radiation sensitivities and they focused on histologic signs of cell death, not the loss of proliferated potential.

Answer 23

Rubin and Casserett

Question 24

What are the 5 categories of cell population, listing from most immature to most mature?

Answer 24

VIM (Vegetative Intermitotic) 
DIM (Differentiating Intermitotic) 
Connective (blood vessel and Connective Tissue) 
RPM (reverting Post mitotic)
FPM (Fixed Post Mitotic)

Question 25

What are VIM cells ?

Answer 25

VIM cells are rapidly dividing, undifferentiated cells that have a short lifetime. These cells are the most radio-sensitive and small amount of radiation will cause cell death either histologically or by mitosis

Question 26

Examples of VIM cells

Answer 26

Basal cells of epidermis
Crypt cells of intestines 
Type A spermatogonia 
Erythroblasts
Stem cells