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z_NUR112: MIDTERM_LAST LEG > CH 41_Oxygenation > Flashcards

CH 41_Oxygenation Flashcards

1
Q

Is Hypoventilation associated with Acidosis or Alkalosis?

A

Acidosis

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2
Q

Hypoventilation results in the retention of _____ and the need for _____.

A

CO2, O2

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3
Q

Accumulation of fluid around or in the lungs can cause…

A

CHF (Congestive Heart Failure)

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4
Q

What other item can lead to CHF?

A

Pulmonary Edema

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5
Q

What is the major characteristic of pneumonia?

A

fluid in the lungs

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6
Q

Fluid in the lungs is also called…

A

consolidation

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7
Q

How do we assess for consolidation?

A

Auscultation and checking for fremetis

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8
Q

How would consoidation be indicated during auscultation?

A

crackles

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9
Q

Absent, weak, or altered fremetis vibrations indicate…

A

possible consolidation

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10
Q

Name some things that can cause hypoventilation that could lead to acidosis

A
  • Opioids
  • Fluid in or around lungs
  • Pneumonia
  • Pulmonary Edema
  • Asthma/bronchiole constriction
  • COPD
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11
Q

Chronic bronchitis and Emphysema are two types of…

A
  • COPD
  • Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disorder
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12
Q

COPD is a _____ retainer

A

CO2

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13
Q

Emphysema is an overinflation of…

A

the alveoli

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14
Q

RR of < 12 can lead to…

A

acidosis

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15
Q

RR of > 20 can lead to…

A

alkalosis

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16
Q

Hyperventilation leads to loss of

A

CO2

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17
Q

How would you supply CO2 to someone who is hyperventilating?

A

Give them a mask/bag so they breathe back in the expelled CO2

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18
Q

Hyperventilation will require _____.

A

CO2

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19
Q

Hypoventilation will need _____.

A

O2

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20
Q

Name seven early signs of hypoxia.

  1. Restless
  2. Irritable
  3. Confusion
  4. Heart/Respiration increased
  5. Decreased LOC
  6. Tachypnea
A

Tachycardia

or RAT (early),

Restless, Anxiety, Tachycardia/Tachypnea

BED (late)

Bradypnea/Bradycardia, Extreme restlessness, Dyspnea (severe)

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21
Q

Name five late signs of hypoxia.

A
  • Bradypnea
  • Bradycardia
  • In/out of Conciousness
  • Sleepy
  • Cyonosis
22
Q

What are the characteristics of Stridor?

A
  • EMERGENT
  • Indicative of occlusion,
  • complete blockage of airway by the soft structures and tissues and narrow airway in children
23
Q

What does URI stand for?

A

Upper Respiratory Infection

24
Q

What does GERD stand for?

A

Gastroesophageal reflux disease

25
What are four early signs of hypoxia for children?
* FINES * Feeding difficulty * Inspiratory Stridor * Nares Flare * Expiratory grunting * Sternal retractions
26
# Define Hypoxia
Hypoxia is a condition or state in which the supply of oxygen is insufficient for normal life functions
27
# Define Hypoxemia
Hypoxemia is a condition or state where there is a low arterial oxygen supply
28
What are three indicators of Hypoxemia?
1. Tachycardia 2. Tachypnea 3. Restlessness
29
What are six characteristics of Asthma?
1. Productive cough 2. SOB 3. Wheezing/Prologned expiration 4. CO2 retention 5. Chest tightness 6. Retractions
30
# Define Asthma
Asthma is a condition in which your airways narrow and swell and produce extra mucus
31
What are the characteristics of Status Asthmaticus?
* Status asthmaticus is more commonly known as acute severe asthma or a severe asthma exacerbation. * It refers to an asthma attack that doesn't improve with traditional treatments, such as inhaled bronchodilators * It is EMERGENT
32
If Asthma symptoms do not respond to usual treatment within 30 minutes, what is it indicative of?
Status Asthmaticus
33
Asthma is also known as a _____ \_\_\_\_\_ \_\_\_\_\_.
reactive airway disease
34
Those with Chronic Bronchitis are in need of...
O2
35
What are some symptoms of Chronic Broncitis?
* Darker to cyanotic color * Productive cough * Hypoxia * Hypercapnia * Respiratory acidosis * Inc RR * Inc Hbg * Exertional Dyspnea * Clubbing
36
Chronic bronchitis can lead to
* Cardiac enlargement * Use of Accessory Muscles to breathe * right-sided heart failure
37
What are some characteristics of emphysema?
* CO2 retention * Pursed lip breathing * Orthopneic * Barrel chest * Exertional dyspnea * Prolonged expiration * Speaks in bursts as breath allows * Anxious * tri-pod stance common
38
What are we assessing during respiratory Inspection?
* Skin and mucous membranes * LOC * Breathing patterns * Chest wall movement
39
What are we assessing during respiratory Palpation?
Pulses at chest, feet, and legs.
40
What are we assessing during respiratory Percussion?
* Presence of abnormal fluid/air * Diaphragmatic excursion
41
What are we assessing during respiratory Auscultation?
Normal and abnormal heart and lung sounds
42
What are the Nursing Responsibilities for physical assessment in oxygenation issues?
* Lung auscultation and breathing pattern * Abdominal use in breathing * Urine output * Skin and mucous membranes * Heart souns * Circulation * Edema * DVT
43
What are the three oxygen delivery devices?
1. Nasal cannula 2. Simple face mask 3. Venturi mask
44
What is the volume of oxygen that can be delivered via nasal cannula?
1-6 Liters
45
What is the volume of oxygen that can be delivered via a simple face mask?
5-8 Liters (can go over 8, but O2 would stay at 60% max)
46
What is the volume of oxygen that can be delivered via a venturi mask?
4-12 Liters (Can go up to 15L for 100% O2)
47
What are four advantages to nasal cannula?
1. Safe and simple 2. Easily tolerated 3. Does not impede eating or talking 4. Inexpensive and disposable
48
What is an advantage of a simple face mask?
Provides humidified oxygen automatically due to higher delivery rate
49
Advantage of the Venturi mask?
* most accurate * allows control for a specified oxygen concentration
50
Disadvantage of the nasal cannula?
* can dry out mucus membranes * will require order for humidified O2

z_NUR112: MIDTERM_LAST LEG (11 decks)

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