ch 43 Flashcards
what is osmoregulation
defined as homeostasis of water and solute concentrations
what is osmosis
direct water movement into or out of cells
what does osmosis help regulate
water and salt concentrations in tissues
hyperosmotic
water flows in
hypoosmotic
water flows out
isoosmotic
no net movement of water
osmoconformer
marine organisms that maintain an internal environment which is isotonic to their external environment.
osmoregulator
Osmoregulators tightly regulate their body osmolarity, which always stays constant, and are more common in the animal kingdom
in a hyperosmotic enviornment osmoregulators _ water
lose
in a hypoosmotic enviornment osmoregulators _ water
gain
what is Euryhaline
- able to withstand LARGE OSMOTIC CHANGES (sockeye salmon)
Most animals are considered , meaning they can only withstand a certain amount of
Stenohaline, osmotic change
what is Anhydrobiosis
a dormant period where species can survive and adapt to water loss,
how do species adapt to water loss
n replace water with sugars in cells while losing almost ALL body water
to regulating body functions animals must excrete
Nitrogenous waste
3 forms of Nitrogenous waste
Ammonia, Urea, Uric Acid
characteristics of ammonia
: very toxic, requires large amounts of water, can only be tolerated in low concentrations,
characteristics of urea
MORE energy but LESS water, Terrestrial animals,
characteristics of uric acid
MOST ENERGY NO WATER
Birds, reptiles, insec
what is the difference between salt water fish and fresh water when it comes to osmoregulation
salt water fish want to get rid of excess salt, to do this they have cl- ions to get salt out of body
with fresh water fish, they want toget rid of excess water, to do this they have cl- ions to attract salt in body
All species have different forms of excretion
insects have, flatworms have, and mammals have
Malpighian tubules (similar to a kidney), Osmoregulation , and Kidneys
excretory system function
1) filtrate water and solutes through semi permeable membrane
2) reabsorption of ions and water
3) secrete excess ions and toxic substances
4) excretions, urine
function of Nephron
regulate the composition
of blood using 3 processes
what 3 processes regulate blood composition
Filtration, Secretion, and Reabsorption
