Ch. 5-6 Flashcards Preview

Mort 100 Orientation To Funeral Service > Ch. 5-6 > Flashcards

Flashcards in Ch. 5-6 Deck (43)
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1
Q

What did the American Colonial , English speaking people seek?

A

Fortune, fame, freedom of religion, for the most part just a decent human existence

2
Q

What did American Colonials bring that remains as a basic substructure to the distinctive American mode of living?

A

Beliefs, skills, arts, crafts, and a social heritage

3
Q

True or false according to the Early puritan laws and practices members of the clergy were allowed to participate in funerals and weddings

A

False , Early puritan and practices forbade them

4
Q

According to the Early puritan laws and practices weddings and funerals were considered to be _____ ceremonies

A

Civil

5
Q

According to the Early puritan laws and practices the body was to be _______ w/o _______ of ceremony or prayer

A

interred, benefit

6
Q

According to the Early puritan laws and practices burials were silent and consisted of what two main parts?

A

Procession (like a parade) to the grave and placemen/filling of the grave

7
Q

What was the only way to show respect for the diseased in the Early puritan days and practices

A

Having very elaborate tombstones

8
Q

Define Hearse

A

a hand carried bier(moveable frame to carry coffin) with candles or spikes on the corners

9
Q

Define Broadside

A

A eulogy(writing that praises) on a handbill with standard morbid decorations like skulls and crossbones

10
Q

What are 7 things that could be given to the attending colonials at a funeral ?

A

rings, scarves, gloves, purses, needle racks, tobacco, and liquor

11
Q

Why was the Sumptuary law passed in 1651?

A

estates were being used up completely in giving gifts at the funeral, often times leaving the widow broke AF

12
Q

During general practices of Colonial days what did they do to the body if they died on warmer days?

A

the bodies were disemboweled and wrapped in cerecloth (wax cloth)

13
Q

_____ were distributed to all those who attended during the practices of Colonial days

A

Gifts

14
Q

During general practices of Colonial days how did a funeral begin? Where?

A

Funerals began with a sermon in the church

15
Q

During general practices of Colonial days Sermons were often printed on the __________

A

Broadsides (paper with eulogy )

16
Q

What does a pal bearer do ?

A

help carry the bier (frame that holds casket/coffin)

17
Q

In general practices of Colonial days the widow had the duty of _____ and _______ of all the guests

A

feeding and housing

18
Q

In general practices of Colonial days what 3 things were EXPECTED to be given out by the Widow?

A

food , liquor, and Tobacco

19
Q

What is a blunder bus ?

A

a short-barreled large-bored gun with a flared muzzle, used at short range.

20
Q

In general practices of Colonial days what was a “Furious fusillade”

A

A discharge from a number of firearms, fired simultaneously or in rapid succession (powder and shots provided by widow)

21
Q

True or false In general practices of Colonial days Funerals were used to teach children about death

A

True and often in a cruel manner

22
Q

When regarding the Dutch colony funeral customs what was an Aanspreecker?

A

a licensed official who directed funerals

23
Q

When regarding the Dutch colony funeral customs what was a Monkey-Spoon ?

A

an image of a saint (looked more like an animal) on the handle of spoons

24
Q

________ changed funeral laws and customs

A

Revolutions such as 1775 war of independence and economic wars

25
Q

1775

A

war of independence

26
Q

What type of acts made changes in funeral customs after 1775?

A

Embargo (trading with other countries)

27
Q

In newer customs after 1775 gloves were only given to the ______

A

bearers

28
Q

In the newer customs after 1775 how many shilling were sextons and undertakers allowed to charge for each service ?

A

8 shillings

29
Q

As far as class distinction before and after the War of Independence in 1775 how did it change?

A

Before the war there was no class distinction at funerals and after the war there was

30
Q

When were funerals more secular (religiously unbiased )

A

After the war they were less religious

31
Q

After the was of 1775 how was the persons status shown at the funeral ?

A

Number of plumes on the top of the hearse

32
Q

Potentially in the gap between the early 1800’s, and the 1st quarter of the 1900’s did what begin to develop ?

A

occupation of undertaking

33
Q

Funeral directing as an occupation was born in America in what century ?

A

19th century

34
Q

Specific funeral tasks were carried out in early America by what 5 other occupational areas ?

A

upholsters, cabinet makers, liverymen(uniforms?), nurses, and sextons

35
Q

Who is Blanche White?

A

The 1st to advertise as an undertaker in the new York journal

36
Q

Cabinet makers became _____ makers and _____

A

coffin , undertakers

37
Q

In early American days before the midwives in 1810 who closed the eyes, washed body and chested the descendant ?

A

friends and neighbors

38
Q

True or false preparing the diseased moved to tradespeople and became male dominant

A

True

39
Q

Who could decide and had the authority to say who and where a person could be burried at their cemetery?

A

Sexton

40
Q

What were municipal officers?

A

Knocked on house doors to invite people to the funerals . they were paid by community and charged a few to the family

41
Q

The coroner was also commonly the ______

A

undertaker

42
Q

What types of jobs did the TOWN UNDERTAKER have?

A

handled county, sanitation officer, and registrar of deaths

43
Q

The development of service occupation started with what three main things

A

preparation, transportation, and coffining