Ch.3-4

Question 1

What does Pax Romana translate to ?

Answer 1

Roman peace

Question 2

Before Rome fell Christians worshiped in ____

Answer 2

catacombs

Question 3

Christian burials were more elaborate before or after the roman empire fell

Answer 3

After

Question 4

catafalque is synonymous to ____

Answer 4

Bier , decorated wooden frame to hold coffin

Question 5

Define intramural burial

Answer 5

inside the city

Question 6

What did the “Edict of Tolerance” allow?

Answer 6

intramural burials

Question 7

Who forbade burial within the church and destroyed all church tombs?

Answer 7

Charlemagne

Question 8

What is a canon ?

Answer 8

law made by a church

Question 9

Burial on church grounds was said protected you from what ?

Answer 9

vampires, grave-robbers, and ghouls

Question 10

What was “Gods Acre” ?

Answer 10

common name fora church cemetery

Question 11

Who was denied a christian burial in the sacred land ?

Answer 11

suicides and sinners

Question 12

True or false suicides and sinners occasionally had a stake driven through their hearts

Answer 12

True

Question 13

Who was usually buried at night?

Answer 13

suicides and sinners

Question 14

Until larger cemeteries came about why were coffins forbidden?

Answer 14

they retarded decomposition

Question 15

Venetian Doge Dandolo

Answer 15

started the first movement of sanitation methods because of foul odors in the cemeteries and churches

Question 16

Ambrose Pare

Answer 16

Father of french surgery , stated exposure of a body had a direct hand in the spread of plague

Question 17

True or false there were people hired to pray the decedent out of purgatory

Answer 17

True

Question 18

Define interdict

Answer 18

to prohibit or forbid something

Question 19

During the middle ages what were wakes for?

Answer 19

to prevent premature burials

Question 20

During middle ages Cannons were set that anyone grieving ______ would be fined

Answer 20

loudly

Question 21

True or false funeral feasts were held at wakes

Answer 21

True

Question 22

During the middle ages how were bodies transported and then displayed at thier funeral ?

Answer 22

they were boiled to just bones, transported, and then an effigy was used for display (sculpture or model)

Question 23

During the middle ages what else could they do instead of boiling bodies for transportation

Answer 23

they could also place them in a vat of honey

Question 24

During the middle ages embalming was practiced by royalty by the _____ only

Answer 24

church

Question 25

What does the Greek word Kofinos mean ?

Answer 25

basket, coffer , or chest

Question 26

What was a Artca Patera and a Lacrymatories

Answer 26

saucer shaped disk, and vessel to catch the mourners tears

Question 27

What does sarcophagus mean ?

Answer 27

body eating

Question 28

True or false knights were often buried in full armor

Answer 28

True

Question 29

In the middle ages coffins made of what were for royalty or nobility ?

Answer 29

Lead

Question 30

Who was the first person of importance to be buried in wood

Answer 30

King Arthur

Question 31

What is cerecloth

Answer 31

waxed cloth typically used for wrapping a corpse.

Question 32

What is a Parish Shell

Answer 32

coffin provided by the church to transport bodies to the grave , reusable

Question 33

What did Bell Ringers do ?

Answer 33

announce the anniversary of the death

Question 34

Define Quarterage

Answer 34

levy placed on the living to pay for the burial costs of a member

Question 35

What were the two purposes of the mourning garments ?

Answer 35

protect the living from the dead, to make all attendees appear the same

Question 36

How long did a widow have to be in seclusion after the death of her husband ?

Answer 36

one year after death

Question 37

What was a dower house

Answer 37

convent for older widows

Question 38

Sin- eater

Answer 38

ate bread and drank ale and accepted six pence to take up sins

Question 39

Who were the only two people allowed to embalm at first

Answer 39

surgeons and anatomists