Ch. 5

Question 1

This is defined as the capacity to do work or transfer heat.

Answer 1

Energy

Question 2

All forms of energy are either _____ or _____.

Answer 2

Kinetic or potential

Question 3

This is the energy that results from motion.

Answer 3

Kinetic

Question 4

What is the equation for kinetic energy?

Answer 4

Ek=1/2mu^2

m=mass of the object
u= velocity

Question 5

What are the units of measure for energy?

Answer 5

Joule

Question 6

The kinetic energy associated with the random motion of a collection of atoms and molecules.

Answer 6

Thermal energy.

Question 7

How are changes in Herman energy monitored?

Answer 7

By measuring temperature changes

Question 8

Why is it called thermal dynamics?

Answer 8

Because energy increases as you increase temperature.

Question 9

This is the energy possessed by an object by virtue if it’s position.

Answer 9

Potential energy

Question 10

What are the two forms of potential energy?

Answer 10

Chemical and Electrostatic

Question 11

This is energy stored within the structural units of chemical substances.

Answer 11

Chemical energy

Question 12

The amount of chemical energy in matter depends on what?

Answer 12

The types of arrangements of atoms in the structural units that make up the sample.

Question 13

This is potential energy that results from the interaction of charged particles?

Answer 13

Electrostatic Energy

Question 14

Electrostatic energy are _____ bonds.

Answer 14

Ionic

Question 15

Chemical energy is ____ bonds.

Answer 15

Covalent

Question 16

Oppositely charged particles attract each other and like particles repel each other in _____ energy.

Answer 16

Electrostatic

Question 17

The magnitude of the resulting electrostatic potential energy is proportional to the product of the two charges divided by the distance between them. This describes what law?

Answer 17

Coulombs Law

Question 18

What is the equation for electrostatic energy?

Answer 18

Eel=Q1*Q2/d

Question 19

Eel is negative for attraction because Q1 and Q2 have ____ signs.

Answer 19

Opposite

Question 20

Eel is positive for repulsion because Q1 and Q2 have the _____ sign.

Answer 20

Same

Question 21

A ball rolling down a hill and back up an identical hill converts potential energy to kinetic energy and back to potential energy. Is an example of what?

Answer 21

Interconvertible Kinetic and potential energy.

Question 22

A process in which two things are converted into the other.

Answer 22

Interconvertible

Question 23

A chemical reaction that gives off heat converts chemical energy (potential energy) to thermal energy (kinetic) is an example of?

Answer 23

Interconvertible

Question 24

U of a system is the sum of the kinetic and potential energies for the system. U=?

Answer 24

Internal energy

U= kinetic + potential

Question 25

The total amount of energy in the universe is constant. When energy of one form disappears the same amount of energy much appear in another form or forms. This is known as what principle.

Answer 25

The law of conservation of energy

Question 26

This is defined as the specific part of the universe that is of interest to us.

Answer 26

The system

Question 27

The rest of the universe outside the system constitutes the _____.

Answer 27

Surroundings.

Question 28

This is the transfer of thermal energy between two bodies that are at different temperature.

Answer 28

Heat

Question 29

This is the study of heat in chemical reactions.

Answer 29

Thermochemistry

Question 30

This is a process that gives off heat. The reactants have a higher energy than the product.

Answer 30

Exothermic.

Question 31

Which types of reactions are exothermic?

Answer 31

Combustion reactions

Question 32

This is a chemical process that absorbs thermal energy as heat. The products have a higher energy than the reactant.

Answer 32

Endothermic process.

Question 33

What types of reactions are endothermic?

Answer 33

Decomposition reactions

Question 34

What is the SI unit of energy?

Answer 34

Joule | 1J = 1N*m

Question 35

Attraction is a force... force =?

Answer 35

Energy/distance

Question 36

1 cal= ____ J 1 Cal = —— cal 1Cal = _____ J

Answer 36

4.184 1000 4184