Ch 5-7

Question 1

The main objective of all imaging systems is to:

Answer 1

Demonstrate differences in tissue density

Question 2

Every radiography generator has kV, mAs, and time; the following statement is true:

Answer 2

These must be calibrated correctly so that 70 kV is 70 kV on every unit.

Question 3

Film fog is a plus density artifact on an image; the following statement is true:

Answer 3

It may be caused by light leaks in the darkroom.

Question 4

Base + fog, which is an inherent part of the exposure:

Answer 4

Must always be included as part of the exposure

Question 5

The expiration date on the film box:

Answer 5

Is a critical piece of information when the box of film is used

Question 6

Radiographic contrast is part of the image controlled by:

Answer 6

Grids, anode heel effect, and technical factors

Question 7

Subject contrast is part of the image controlled by the patient thickness. (T/F)

Answer 7

true

Question 8

The inverse square law is particularly important in:

Answer 8

The distance measured in equine radiography

Question 9

Kilovoltage is primarily responsible for:

Answer 9

The hardness of the x-ray beam and its penetration

Question 10

The 15% rule is primarily used:

Answer 10

When the contrast on the image needs to be enhanced

Question 11

If the original kV is 80 (we will increase the kV), the 15% rule calculation yields the following value

Answer 11

92 `

Question 12

Milliamperage is responsible for the intensity of the radiation, which:

Answer 12

Translates to the density on the image

Question 13

The three rules of using a technique chart correctly include:

Answer 13

Positioning on the table, measuring, and centering the central ray

Question 14

If the images are consistently dull and gray, the first check should be made in the:

Answer 14

The darkroom to ensure that there are no light leaks

Question 15

The radiography log book is a record of exposures; the following statement is true:

Answer 15

It is also a legal necessity and maintains a record of technical factors

Question 16

The description of the central ray includes:

Answer 16

A primary beam projected at 90 degrees to the angle of the anode

Question 17

Distortion concerns the angulation of the patient:

Answer 17

d. In order to project one body part away from obscuring the region of interest

Question 18

Blur is the intentional movement of one body part to allow the underlying anatomy to be visible. (T/F)

Answer 18

true

Question 19

Motion degrades the image:

Answer 19

a. Because it detracts from resolution

Question 20

Useful distortion is used to:

Answer 20

b. Project one body part out of the way of the region of interest

Question 21

Magnification is ______ if the body part is moved ________ the image receptor.

Answer 21

a. decreased, closer to

Question 22

The source image distance (SID) is the measurement:

Answer 22

c. From the tube to the image receptor

Question 23

The object image distance is a factor in:

Answer 23

magnification

Question 24

To determine the size of an object within the patient, one must measure:

Answer 24

b. The distance of the object from the tabletop using the lateral view

Question 25

Inherent filtration includes the:

Answer 25

c. Glass envelope of the x-ray tube and the oil within the tube

Question 26

Federal law dictates that filtration must be added to equal:

Answer 26

a. 2.5 mm at 70 kV

Question 27

A collimator is located beneath the x-ray tube to:

Answer 27

d. Provide a light source outlining the area of interest

Question 28

A secondary function of the collimator is to:

Answer 28

. Narrow the size of the field of view and reduce scattered radiation

Question 29

Collimation correctly applied will __________ contrast ______________.

Answer 29

enhance, by decreasing scatter

Question 30

Collimation correctly applied will __________ patient dose ______________.

Answer 30

reduce, by decreasing scatter

Question 31

Collimation correctly applied will __________ density ______________.

Answer 31

decrease, by decreasing scatter

Question 32

Off-focus radiation is produced:

Answer 32

By the photon stream outside of the actual focal spot

Question 33

An illuminator should be mounted:

Answer 33

In an area where the lights may be dimmed to enhance the image

Question 34

The fluorescent tubes within the illuminator must be:

Answer 34

Daylight or a very pale blue tone

Question 35

The main purpose of a grid is to:

Answer 35

The height of the lead strips compared with the distance between them

Question 36

Grid ratio describes:

Answer 36

The height of the lead strips compared with the distance between them

Question 37

An installed grid is positioned beneath the patient:

Answer 37

Above the cassette and beneath the tabletop

Question 38

The focused grid is positioned ________ and at a _________distance from the tube.

Answer 38

in the center of the table, prescribed

Question 39

A grid whose focal length is 34 to 44 inches will cause:

Answer 39

Grid cutoff if the tube is set at 72 inches

Question 40

The temperature of the darkroom should be ______; the humidity should be _______.

Answer 40

68° F (20° C), 40% to 60%

Question 41

If the radiography room doubles as a darkroom, cassettes and film should be stored:

Answer 41

In a metal film bin out of the way of scattered radiation

Question 42

The darkroom should be painted using ______. The safelight should be mounted ________ feet (_____ meters) above the counter.

Answer 42

c. light-reflective paint, 4, 1.22

Question 43

The information on the ID label must include which of the following?

Answer 43

. Patient's name, clinic address, and date

Question 44

Automatic processing a film requires four separate steps. Which of the following lists the correct order?

Answer 44

. Develop, fix, wash, dry

Question 45

The two main components of the developer are:

Answer 45

Hydroquinone and phenidone

Question 46

The purpose of the developer is to:

Answer 46

Reduce the silver halide in the film emulsion to metallic silver

Question 47

A second purpose of the developer is to:

Answer 47

Amplify the amount of metallic silver on the film

Question 48

One of the components of the developer is to reduce its activity; this is:

Answer 48

Potassium bromide

Question 49

The main function of the hydroquinone is to:

Answer 49

Build up the blacks and enhance the contrast

Question 50

The main function of the fixer is to:

Answer 50

Remove unexposed silver halide from the film base

Question 51

The main component of the fixer is:

Answer 51

Ammonium thiosulfate

Question 52

Developer is chemically _________; fixer is highly ___________.

Answer 52

alkaline, acidic

Question 53

The main purpose of the wash water is to:

Answer 53

Remove the leftover chemicals from the film to preserve archival quality

Question 54

Drying should remove about ________ of the moisture from the film.

Answer 54

c. 85% to 90%

Question 55

Two of the systems of the automatic processor are _______ and _______.

Answer 55

replenishment, recirculation

Question 56

Every time a roller comes into contact with the film emulsion:

Answer 56

It has the potential to imprint an artifact on the image

Question 57

Once the film is placed on the feed tray and enters the rollers:

Answer 57

It must not be drawn back onto the feed tray

Question 58

The transport system of the processor:

Answer 58

Carries the films through the tanks by a series of rollers and gears

Question 59

The developer chemicals are replenished with ___________ chemicals in comparison with the fixer.

Answer 59

less

Question 60

The fixer requires _________ replenisher because it contains ____________.

Answer 60

more, developer

Question 61

The most typical silver recovery unit in a veterinary clinic is the:

Answer 61

electrolytic model

Question 62

A test to determine whether the silver recovery unit needs to be replaced is:

Answer 62

placing copper in the outflow, silver will plate out on copper

Question 63

A large percentage of artifacts are caused by which of the following reasons when processing the film?

Answer 63

most of them are caused in the developer tank

Question 64

Dichroic fog is caused by:

Answer 64

fixer leaking back into the developer

Question 65

Pi lines are caused in the processor by a swelling of a roller. They are:

Answer 65

Called this because the separation of the artifact is the circumference of the rollers

Question 66

Developer under replenishment causes the film:

Answer 66

To have a gray, washed-out appearance due to exhaustion of hydroquinone

Question 67

Overheating the developer will cause it to ___________ and turn ____________.

Answer 67

a. exhaust quickly, dark brown

Question 68

If the fixer is overconcentrated, it will:

Answer 68

Precipitate onto the tank and cause grainy images

Question 69

. Crease artifacts on the film are the result of:

Answer 69

Incorrect handling before or after exposure