ch. 5 & 8

Question 1

? is the inability to think clearly and logically; it may come on ? or suddenly; it can be ? or permanent and is more common in the ?

Answer 1

confusion, gradually, temporary, elderly

Question 2

? is a state of severe confusion that occurs suddenly and temporarily; can be caused by diseases, illnesses, and poor nutrition; drugs and alcohol may also cause this.

Answer 2

delirium

Question 3

the ability to think logically and clearly is ?.

when some of this ability is lost, a person is said to have ? ?

Answer 3

cognition, cognitive impairment

Question 4

? is a general term that refers to a serious loss of mental abilities such as thinking, remembering, reasoning, and communicating; some common causes are Parkinson’s, Huntington’s, and Alzheimer’s.

? is the most common cause of dementia in the elderly.

Answer 4

dementia, Alzheimer’s

Question 5

Alzheimer’s disease causes ? nerve fibers and ? deposits to form in the brain, which eventually cause ?. there is no known ? and no ?. the only sure way to know the cause is by ?.

Answer 5

tangled, protein, dementia, cause, cure, autopsy

Question 6

symptoms appear ? and begin with ? loss.

Answer 6

gradually, memory

Question 7

perseveration is defined as; it is also known as ? phrasing.
should you or should you not stop a resident who is perseverating?

Answer 7

persistent repetition of thoughts, words, or actions
repetitive
you should not

Question 8

name the 3 general principles to uphold to give your residents w AD the best:

Answer 8

develop a routine
promote self care
take care of yourself mentally and physically

Question 9

a resident who is excited, restless, or troubled is said to be ?

a ? is a situation that leads to agitation.

if a resident is agitated the NA should ? triggers, keep a ?, avoid ?, and ? attention. the NA should also reduce noise and distractions, stay calm, and use a low soothing voice.

Answer 9

agitated, trigger, remove, routine, frustration, redirect

Question 10

when a person with AD get restless and agitated in the late afternoon, evening, or night, it is called ?. it may be caused by ?, ?, a change in routine or caregiver, or any new frustrating situations.

Answer 10

sundowning, hunger, fatigue

Question 11

when a person with AD overreacts to something it is called a ? reaction.

? is defined as too much noise or activity.

Answer 11

catastrophic, overstimulation

Question 12

a resident who attacks, hits or threatens someone is using ? behavior. frustration, overstimulation, or a change in ?, environment, or ? may trigger violence.

if a resident is violent the NA should: ? for ?, ? blows but never hit back, not try to ? them, stay ?, step out of reach, not leave them alone, remove triggers, and use the same techniques every time.

Answer 12

violent, routine, caregiver, call for help, block, restrain, calm

Question 13

a resident who walks back in forth in the same area is ?. a resident who walks aimlessly around the facility is ?.

Answer 13

pacing, wandering

Question 14

residents with AD might try to ?, that is leave a facility unsupervised and unnoticed.

Answer 14

elope

Question 15

a resident who see, hears, smells, tastes, or feels things that are not there is having ?. a resident who believes things that are not true is having ?.

Answer 15

hallucinations, delusions

Question 16

people who become withdrawn, lack energy, and stop eating or doing things that they used to enjoy may be dealing with ?

Answer 16

depression

Question 17

? behavior is anything that disturbs other, such as yelling, cursing, banging on furniture, and slamming doors; it is sometime triggered by ?, ?, frustration, or lack of attention.

Answer 17

disruptive, pain, constipation

Question 18

? ? behavior includes: cursing, name calling, or yelling.

Answer 18

inappropriate social

Question 19

? ? behavior includes: removing clothes, exposing genitals, trying to touch others w/o consent, etc.

Answer 19

inappropriate sexual

Question 20

? is collecting and putting things away in a guarded manner.

? is going thru drawers, closets, or personal items that belong to oneself or others.

Answer 20

hoarding, rummaging

Question 21

residents w AD may also experience a number of ? disturbances. ways to avoid this are to make sure they get adequate ?, natural ?, reduce light and ? during nighttime hours, and discourage ? thru the day.

Answer 21

sleep, exercise, sunlight, noise, sleeping

Question 22

? therapy is letting residents believe they live in the past or in imaginary circumstances. ? means giving value to or approving.

Answer 22

validation (x2)

Question 23

? therapy is encouraging residents to remember and talk about their past.

Answer 23

reminiscence

Question 24

? therapy uses activities that the resident enjoys to prevent boredom and frustration. these activates also promote self-esteem.

Answer 24

activity

Question 25

? therapy uses music to soothe and manage stress. it helps to improve mood and cognition.

Answer 25

music

Question 26

? is how the body uses food to maintain health. it helps the body grow new ?, maintain normal body function, and have ?.

Answer 26

nutrition, cells, energy

Question 27

a nutrient is a necessary substance that provides ?, promotes ? and health, and helps regulate ?. metabolism is the process by which nutrients are ? to be used by the body for energy, growth, and maintenance.

Answer 27

energy, growth, metabolism, catabolized

Question 28

? is the most essential nutrient. ? supply the body with energy and extra protein; provide fiber. ? are apart of every body cell & are needed for tissue growth & repair.

Answer 28

water, carbs, proteins

Question 29

? carbs are in potatoes, bread, cereal, rice, pasts, veggies, and fruit. ? are in sugars, sweets, syrups, and jellies.

Answer 29

complex, simple

Question 30

? help the body store energy but with too much of substance in your diet it will be stored as fat. ? and ? fats can increase cholesterol levels and the risks of some diseases. monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fats can be ? and are encouraged in one's diet as they decrease the risk for ? diseases.

Answer 30

fats, trans, saturated, helpful, cardiovascular

Question 31

? are needed for the body to function. they body (can/cannot) make these substances. Vitamins A, D, E, K are ?, meaning they are carried and stored in fat. B and C vitamins are ? vitamins., meaning they are broken down by water and are not absorbed.

Answer 31

vitamins, fat-soluble, water-soluble

Question 32

? maintain body functions. they help build bones,, make hormones, and help in hematopoiesis.

Answer 32

minerals

Question 33

veggies and fruits should make up ? of your plate. they are important sources of fiber which is necessary for fullness and ? and they decrease the risk of heart disease.

Answer 33

1/2, elimination

Question 34

? provide essential energy, fiber, and nutrients like B vitamins, iron, and magnesium, supporting overall health and digestion.

Answer 34

grains

Question 35

all milk products and foods are classified under ?

Answer 35

dairy

Question 36

?, ?, ? education, income, and geography all affect ideas and beliefs of nutrition.

Answer 36

culture, ethnicity, religion

Question 37

residents who are ill may be placed on ?, modified, or ? diets.

Answer 37

therapeutic, special

Question 38

low sodium diets are provided to residents with ?, ?, or kidney disease. low NA means ?. NAS means fluid-restricted diets are provided to residents with severe ? and ? disease. RF means ?

Answer 38

high BP, heart disease, low sodium, no added salt heart, kidney, restrict fluids

Question 39

low protein diets are for residents w ? disease; this diet is also called a ? diet; the extent of this diet is based on the ? of disease and if they're on dialysis.

Answer 39

kidney, renal, stage

Question 40

lowfat diets are for those with ? disease or heart ?; its sometimes known as the ? diet.

Answer 40

heart, attacks, cardiac

Question 41

modified calorie diets are for those who are ? and need to ?. the diabetic diet is for residents who have diabetes; ? and ? are controlled. NCS means ?, LCS means ?. vegetarian diets are for those with ?, health issues, or ? reasons, compassion for animals, income, dislike of meat, and belief in nonviolence.

Answer 41

obese, lose weight, calories, carbs now concentrated sweets, low concentrated sweets obesity, religious

Question 42

a ? diet eliminates all foods derived from animals. a ? diet allows fish and other seafood. eggs and dairy products may be consumed. a liquid diet is for those who have a medical condition or before a ? or ?. a soft diet/mechanical soft diet is for those who have no ?, have ?, or have issues swallowing. to ? a food means to blend into a baby food like consistency.

Answer 42

vegan, pescatarian, test, surgery, teeth, paralysis, puree

Question 43

NPO stands for

Answer 43

nothing by mouth

Question 44

? occurs when the body lacks fluid ? ? occurs when the body cannot handle the fluid consumed ? means swelling

Answer 44

dehydration, fluid overload, edema

Question 45

a resident w diabetes, COPD, cancer, HIV, ro other diseases have a greater risk of ?.

Answer 45

malnutrition

Question 46

? means difficulty in swallowing In 2016 the IDDSI meaning ? ? ? ? ? was developed to identify food textures and drink thicknesses.

Answer 46

dysphagia, International Dysphagia Diet Standardisation Initiative

Question 47

inhaling food, fluid, or foreign material into the lungs is called ?. when the digestive system does not function properly, ? nutrition may be needed. this is when a solution of nutrients goes directly into the bloodstream. to irrigate means to ?

Answer 47

aspiration, parenteral, clean

Question 48

a NG tube (? tube) is inserted into the nose and goes into the ? thru the abdominal wall. a PEG tube (? ? ? tube) is inserted into the stomach thru the abdominal wall; it does not go in thru the nose first. a surgically created opening into the stomach for PEG tube placement is called a ?.

Answer 48

nasogastric, percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy, gastrostomy