Ch. 5- Cell Division

Question 0

Asexual reproduction

Answer 0

Producing of offspring identical to themselves.

Question 1

All life depends on…

Answer 1

The ability to reproduce and grow.

Question 2

Sexual reproduction

Answer 2

Organisms share genetic info to create a new combination resulting in a unique individual.

Question 3

The cell cycle.

Answer 3

(P,M,A,T)-mitosis
Cytokinesis 
G1- growth
S-DNA replication
G2-growth

Question 4

Single cell splits into two

Answer 4

Mother cell to two identical daughter cells.
They continue to divide
Making specialized cells

Question 5

The cell cycle is made of a

Answer 5

division phase and an interphase

Question 6

The division phase is composed of…

Answer 6

Mitosis and cytokines.

Question 7

Interphase involves

Answer 7

Cell growth and DNA replication

Question 8

Chromosome structure

Answer 8

Sister chromatids 
Chromatid 
Centromere
Kinetochores 
---same DNA in each chromatid

Question 9

Chromosomes contain both…

Called chromatin

Answer 9

DNA and proteins

Unduplicated or duplicated

Question 10

Cell division

Answer 10

Interphase
During the G-phases the cell is growing
During the S phases, chromosomes go from Unduplicated to duplicated

Question 11

Stages of mitosis

Answer 11

Prophase
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase

Question 12

Prophase

Answer 12

Cell begins to breakdown
Chromosomes begging condense, shorter, and thicker.
Spindle fibres and centrioles begin to form

Question 13

Metaphase

Answer 13

2nd phase of mitosis
Chromosomes(made of sister chromatids) line up on the equator
Spindle fibres attach to chromosomes and centrioles
Chromosomes are entangled

Question 14

Anaphase

Answer 14

3rd phase of mitosis

Centromeres are pulled apart and sister chromatids are separated

Question 15

Telophase

Answer 15

Last phase of mitosis
Spindle fibres dissolve, nuclear membrane forms
Chromosomes begin to de-condense -disappear

Question 16

Cytokinesis

Answer 16

–Right after mitosis
The cytoplasm begins to divide
Pinching cell in half
Completing cel division

Question 17

Cell clock

Answer 17

Cells have a set number of divisions
-age of cells, a reason they stop dividing
Sperm and cancerous cell are the only two cells that divide endlessly

Question 18

Telomeres

Answer 18

Repeating segment on the end of DNA

Question 19

Cloning

Answer 19

Both clone and the parent have the exact same DNA

Question 20

Nature’s clones

Answer 20

Identical twins
Fraternal twins
Conjoined

Question 21

Identical twins

Answer 21

Originate from a single egg and a single sperm

Question 22

Fraternal twins

Answer 22

Originate from two eggs and two sperm

Question 23

Conjoined twins

Answer 23

Identical twins not completely separated

Question 24

Abnormal cell division

Answer 24

Cancer cells divide fast, Can divide in isolation Some cells live longer Some cells lost their ability to reproduce.

Question 25

Meiosis

Answer 25

Forms sex cells and gametes

Question 26

Diploid cell

Answer 26

2n =46 | 2 copies

Question 27

Meiosis involves

Answer 27

Two nuclear divisions

Question 28

Meiosis 1 is referred to as

Answer 28

Reduction division | Where 2n turns into n

Question 29

The formation of sex cells during meiosis is called

Answer 29

Gametogensis. For female it's called oogenesis. For makes it's called spermatogenesis

Question 30

Karyotype chart

Answer 30

Genetic map.

Question 31

Nondisjunction

Answer 31

Abnormal meiosis | Occurs when 2 homologous chromosomes or 2 sister chromatids fail to separate.

Question 32

Chromosomes 1-22 are..... | 23 is......

Answer 32

...autosomes | Sex chromosomes

Question 33

Downs syndrome Turners syndrome Kleinfelters syndrome Edwards syndrome

Answer 33

Trisomy 21 Monopsony 23 x_ Trisomy 23 xxy Trisomy 18

Question 34

Alteration of gamerution

Answer 34

Organisms that alternate between diploids 2n and haploids n

Question 35

Negative reproduction

Answer 35

Asexual form of reproduction | Ex. Strawberries

Question 36

Fragmentation

Answer 36

Asexual | Hydra budding or starfish

Question 37

Parthogenisis

Answer 37

Asexual Unfertalized egg becomes an individual Ex. Honey bees

Question 38

Cloning

Answer 38

- Need a egg and diploid - Enucleate both - Take egg cell and put the nucleuse from the diploid inside - shock cell - -surrogate mother