Ch. 5. Consciousness

Question 1

It is difficult to totally dissociate the study of consciousness from:

Answer 1

philosophy

Question 2

Self-consciousness of our body is modelled to arise from which source(s) of sensory information?

Answer 2

Interoceptive and external.

Question 3

When we hear a noise like the refrigerator switching off – we can feel that we have heard it all along, but without noticing it until it turns off. This is an example of _________.

Answer 3

phenomenal consciousness.

Question 4

What defines the case where a stimulus is presented below threshold (e.g. too fast) but its effects on behaviour can still be measured?

Answer 4

Subliminal perception.

Question 5

The defining characteristic of which phenomenon is that an individual cannot provide a conscious report about what they see but they can still respond in various ways to stimuli presented in this damaged visual field?

Answer 5

Blindsight.

Question 6

The failure to notice a clearly visible target due to attention being diverted from the target can be defined as:

Answer 6

Inattentional blindness.

Question 7

What is defined as our ability to make conscious choices and demonstrate free will?

Answer 7

Volition.

Question 8

What defines the view that conciousness is an introspective illusion caused by introspection creating the misrepresentation that exeriences have special properties?

Answer 8

Illusionism.

Question 9

In which model is consciousness suggested to require interactions across a broad range of brain areas, producing an ‘executive summary’?

Answer 9

Global workspace

Question 10

Libet and colleagues instructed participants to start with their arm resting and whenever they were ready, to move their arm. Libet’s results suggest that:

Answer 10

Unconscious preparation precedes conscious awareness.

Question 11

A word which, when displayed quickly but long enough to be read, speeds up recognition of the next word that is displayed, it is called a:

Answer 11

Supraliminal prime

Question 12

Roger Sperry and his colleagues studied consciousness in individuals who had the corpus callosum severed to control epilepsy. These individuals are referred to as:

Answer 12

Split-brain patients

Question 13

Which theory of consiocusness draws upon concepts of optimal control theory that describe how the brain controls the body to produce movement?

Answer 13

Attentional Schema Theory

Question 14

One criticism of the Libet experiment, which tried to dmeonstrate the absence of free will, is that:

Answer 14

The experiments involved a simple movement of the finger so cannot be generalised to more complex behaviour.

Question 15

What can be described as cognition about cognition?

Answer 15

Metacognition