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Anatomy & Phisiology > Ch 5 Inegumentary System > Flashcards

Ch 5 Inegumentary System Flashcards

(85 cards)

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0
Q

What does the integumentary do for the body

A

Regulates Body temp
Protects body
Provides Sensory info.

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1
Q

What is the integumentary system

A 
Skin
Hair
Oils 
Sweat glands 
Nails 
Sensory receptors
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2
Q

The body organ more exposed to infection/trauma

A

Skin

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3
Q

Dermatology

A

Medical specialty that deals w. Structure/Funtion/disorders of the integumentary system

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4
Q

What is cutaneous membrane

A

Skin

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5
Q

What is the superficial thinner surface portion called

A

Epidermis

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6
Q

What is the deeper thicker connective tissue

A

Dermis

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7
Q

What type of tissue is involved w. The epidermis

A

Epithelial tissue

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8
Q

How many layers are in thin skin

A

4

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9
Q

How many layers in thick skin

A

5

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10
Q

What is the extra layer in thick skin

A

Lucidum (stratum lucidum; 4th layer)

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11
Q

Is the dermis vascular or avascular

A

Vascular

-bleeding if you get cut

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12
Q

Subcutaneous layer/hypodermis

A

Deep to the dermis but not a part of the skin

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13
Q

What tissues does subcutaneous layer/ hypodermis consist of

A

Areolar

Apidose

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14
Q

What extends from the dermis to anchor the skin to the subcutaneous layer?

A

Fibers

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15
Q

What does the subcutaneous layer serve as?

A

Storage deposits for fat

Large blood vessels to supply to skin

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16
Q

What are lamellated corpuscles

A

Nerve endings sensitive to pressure

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17
Q

What type of tissue does epidermis consist of?

A

Keratinized stratified squamous epithelium

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18
Q

What are the four major cells of the epidermis

A

Keratinocyte
Melanocytes
Intraepidermal macrophage cell
Tactile epithelial cell

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19
Q

What do keratinocytes produce

A

Keratin-a protein

Lamellar granules-release a water repellent sealant that decreases water entry and loss

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20
Q

Melanocytes

A
  • 8%of epidermal cells

- Produce the pigment melanin that protects against damage by ultraviolet radiation

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21
Q

Yello-red or black-brown pigment that contributes to skin color and produced by melanocytes

A

Melanin

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22
Q

What is the other name for langerhans cells

A

Intraepidermal macrophage

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23
Q

What arises from red bone marrow and migrates to the epidermis, and are easily damaged by uv light

A

Intraepidermal macrophage

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24
What is another name for market cells
Tactile epithelial cells
25
What cells are the least numerous of the epidermal cells
Tactile epithelial cells
26
Where are tactile epithelial cells located?
Deepest layer of the epidermis
27
Tactile disc
Is flattened process of a sensory neuron | -detect touch sensation
28
How many layers does the epidermis ( thin skin) have and what are they?
``` (4) Stratum basale- deepest Stratum spinosum- 2nd Stratum granulosum- 3rd Stratum corneum- outer most layer ```
29
Continuous cell division occurs here and produces all other layers
Stratum basale
30
Superficial to stratum basale w. A layer of 8-10 keratinocytes
Stratum spinosum
31
How many layers of keratinocytes does Stratum granulosum have and what is it filled with...?
3-5 layers | Granules of keratin
32
Stratum lucidum is present in thick skin, what is considered thick skin?
Finger tips Palms Soles
33
How many layers of keratinocytes does stratum lucidum have? And are the cells dead or alive
4-6 layers | Dead
34
What purpose does the dead keratinocytes have in stratum lucidum?
Provides additional level of toughness in the thick skin
35
Composed of about 20 layers of flat cell-remnants (like bags of turtle wax)
Stratum corneum
36
T/F | Stratum corneum consists of dead keratinocytes w. No cellular organelles filled with only keratin proteins?
True
37
T/F | In the outer stratum of the epidermis cells continuously shed and replaced by cells from deeper strata
TRUE
38
It's the process of replacing viable cells in the stratum basale with more and more of the waxy keratin protein
Keratinization
39
Dandruff is and excess of ________cells shed from the scalp
Keratinized
40
Constant friction can stimulate the process and produce______?
Callus
41
Callus is and even thicker build up of....
Keratinocytes in the stratum corneum
42
Where is melanin produced ?
Stratum basale
43
Eumelanin
Black to brown
44
Pheomelanin
Yellow to red
45
What are freckles?
Clusters of melanin triggered by sunlight
46
Is having more freckles s genetic trait?
Yes
47
Keratohyalin
Darkly staining granules
48
Also present in keratinocytes are membranes called?
Lamellar granules
49
What do lamellar granules fuse to? What's it's result
Plasma membrane And releases a lipid rich secretion
50
EGF | Epidermal growth factor
Hormone like protein.
51
Nevi?
Birthmark/moles | Chronic lesions of skin that are Benign
52
Malignant melanoma is cancer of what?
Melanocytes
53
Chronic disorder of the skin - cause is unknown - poss. Genetic and disorder of immune system
Vitiligo
54
Congenital disorder - complete or partial absence of pigment of skin hair eyes - defective enzyme in melanin production
Albanian
55
Dermis
2nd deeper part of skin
56
What kind of tissue is the dermis composed of? And contains what?
Connective | Collagen and elastic fibers
57
What are the 2regions of the DERMIS
Papillary region | Reticular region
58
Where does the Papillary region lie?
Just below the epidermis
59
What kind of tissue does the papillary region contain?
Areolar connective tissue
60
What does the areolar connective tissue contain?
Thing collagen and elastic fibers Dermal papillae (and capillary loops) Corpuscles of touch and free nerve endings
61
What kind of tissue is the reticular region made up of
Dense irregular C. T.
62
What does dense irregular C. T. consist of
``` Collagen Elastic fibers Apidose cells Hair follicles nerves Sebaceous glands (oil) Sudoriferous glands (sweat) ```
63
Strir
Stretch marks excessive teasing or stretching in the dermis
64
What ruptures when stretch marks form?
Blood vessels
65
Tentiin lines(lines of cleavage) are
Tension lines in the skin
66
What do Tentiin lines indicate
Predominant direction of underlying collagen fibers
67
Plastic Sergio's make their lines_______to normal cleavage lines to do what?
``` // Minimize scarring ```
68
______ridges reflect contours of underlying _______ papillae and form the basis for______?
Epidermal Dermal papillae Finger/ foot print.
69
What is the purpose of epidermal ridge
Increase firmness of grip by friction.
70
What is the benefit of the epidermis
Resists damage offers protection to underlying tissues
71
What is the benefit of the dermis
Provides temperature stability prevents dehydration and Limited healing
72
What is the benefit of the subcutaneous layer
Insulate the store fat anchor the skin
73
What are the different tactile sensations the skin can differentiate
Lite touch pressure vibration and tickle
74
Sensor receptors are found in different players what are those layers
Superficially and deep
75
Superficial receptors are called
Markel disk and Meissner corpuscles
76
What are the accessory structures of the skin
Hair and nails
77
Facts about hair
- Present everywhere except for palms and soles - Helps with touch sensations - Protect the body against harmful effects of the sun - against heat loss
78
What kind of cells is the hair made of
Dead keratinized epidermal cells
79
What are the parts of the hair
``` Shaft follicle root Epithelial root sheath Dermal root sheath ```
80
What are the types of hairs
Lanugo Vellus Terminal
81
Fine nonpigmented downy hairs that cover the body of the fetus
Lanugo
82
Short fine pale hairs barely visible to the naked eye
Vellus
83
Long course heavily pigmented hairs
Terminal hairs
84
What type of hair replaces the lanugo of eyebrows eyelashes and Scalp
Terminal hairs

Anatomy & Phisiology (4 decks)

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