ch 53 Flashcards
A nurse is reviewing the concept of population health. Which statement best represents the concept?
a. Individuals who live in the United States
b. Individuals with common characteristics related to health co-morbidities
c. Individuals who use emergent care facilities as their primary source of health care
d. Individuals with no symptoms of disease
ANS: B
Population health refers to individuals who reside in a geographic area that have similar characteristics related to health. Population by itself refers to a specific group location. Choice of emergent care facilities as their primary source of health care does not define population health. Individuals within the population may have symptoms of disease.
The nurse is reviewing the concept of population health. What method should the nurse utilize in order to maintain health equity for a given population?
a. Ask each member of the group if they need an interpreter.
b. Calculate group statistics for delivery of healthcare services.
c. Make sure that all documentation is accurate.
d. Offer health screenings to all group members.
ANS: D
The concept of population health is to maintain/improve health status, reduce disparities and create health equity. By offering health screenings to all group members, this allows for primary prevention. There is no information provided that indicates there is a language barrier, so asking each member of the group if they need an interpreter is not necessary. While it is important to obtain statistical information relative to the group, this in itself does not provide for health equity. Making sure that documentation is accurate is important in the context of health care but it does not help to maintain health equity.
A public health nurse is caring for a patient in the community who has been exposed to tuberculosis. What aspect of care is the public nurse providing?
a. Health protection
b. Health promotion
c. Disease prevention
d. Community nursing
ANS: C
A nurse working as a public health nurse, who is providing care to a patient who has been exposed to a disease such as tuberculosis, would be providing disease prevention. Health protection would include providing educational materials to patients. Health promotion would include providing healthy educational programs. Community nursing is considered a specialty area of practice not an aspect of care.
A parent asks the nurse to explain the term “herd immunity.” How should the nurse respond?
a. “As long as your child receives his/her immunizations, they will be protected by this concept.”
b. “It is important for 90% of the population to maintain their vaccination status for
herd immunity to be effective.”
c. “The term applies to individuals who have decided not to immunize but instead
use isolation practices to maintain health.”
d. “The term relates to individual groups of patients who are immunized.”
ANS: C
The concept of herd immunity refers to 90% of the population being immunized in order for it to be effective on a population level. Although it is important for individual children to be immunized, the overall population must maintain a high immunization status to be effective. Immunization is the key to the concept and the term does not relate to individual groups.
A nurse is reviewing factors that lead to prevention of non-communicable diseases. Which intervention would be most effective for the nurse to implement for a group of patients?
a. Check the patient’s immunization records.
b. Maintain scheduled appointments with their healthcare provider.
c. Offer information related to smoking cessation.
d. Check patient’s medication record.
ANS: C
Health promotion is an essential aspect of population health. Offering information related to smoking cessation would be most effective. Although it is important to check the patient’s immunization record, this relates to communicable diseases. Checking the patient’s medication record and maintaining scheduled appointments with their healthcare provider are important as well but in terms of health promotion, providing smoking cessation information would be more important.
A nurse is reviewing health promotion strategies with regard to population health. Which non-communicable disease processes linked to high morbidity and mortality can be addressed through health promotion? (Select all that apply.)
a. Cardiac disease
b. Diabetes
c. End stage renal disease
d. Stroke
e. Chronic lower respiratory disease
ANS: A,B,C,D,E
Of the ten leading causes of death, five of them are linked to non-communicable diseases: heart disease, diabetes, end stage renal disease, stork and chronic lower respiratory disease. Each of which can be addressed via health promotion measures.
