Ch. 55 - Nutrition & Health

Question 1

The phase of metabolism in which a complex substance is broken into simpler substances and converted to energy

Answer 1

Catabolism

Question 2

A fat-related substance produced by the liver that also can be obtained through dietary sources

Answer 2

Cholesterol

Question 3

A condition in which people get too little water or lose too much water due to vomiting, diarrhea, and similar causes

Answer 3

Dehydration

Question 4

Weight-loss technique aimed at changing patterns that lead to overeating

Answer 4

Behavioral modification

Question 4

Natural, inorganic substances the body needs to carry on life functions

Answer 4

Minerals

Question 5

A unit of food that provides the same amounts of protein, fat, and carbohydrate as all other units in that food category

Answer 5

Food exchange

Question 6

Specially prepared nutrients infused directly into a patient’s veins rather than given by mouth

Answer 6

Parenteral nutrition

Question 7

An eating disorder in which people starve themselves

Answer 7

Anorexia nervosa

Question 8

Fats that are usually solid at room temperature

Answer 8

Saturated fats

Question 9

A chemical agent that fights free radicals

Answer 9

Antioxidant

Question 10

A protein substance found naturally in wheat, rye, and barley

Answer 10

Gluten

Question 11

Fats that are usually liquid at room temperature

Answer 11

Unsaturated fats

Question 12

A long chain of sugar units

Answer 12

Complex carbohydrates

Question 13

The amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of 1kg of water by 1 degree C

Answer 13

Calorie

Question 14

A type of complex carbohydrate that is not absorbed by the body

Answer 14

Fiber

Question 15

An eating disorder in which people binge and then attempt to counter the effects by vomiting, exercising, or using laxatives

Answer 15

Bulimia nervosa

Question 16

The phase of metabolism in which nutrients are built up into more complex substances and used to build body tissues

Answer 16

Anabolism

Question 17

Natural organic compounds found in plant and animal foods that make up proteins

Answer 17

Amino acids

Question 18

An essential nutrient for building and repairing cells and tissues

Answer 18

Protein

Question 19

Organic substances that are essential for normal body growth and maintenance

Answer 19

Vitamins

Question 20

Which nutrients can help prevent diverticular disease, constipation, and IBS?

Answer 20

Fiber

Question 21

An increased of heart disease, stroke, and peripheral vascular disease has been linked with high levels of what?

Answer 21

Triglycerides & cholesterol

Question 22

What is the optimal percentage of body fat for women younger than age 50?

Answer 22

14-23%

Question 23

Patients who are at increased risk for a heart attacked are encouraged to increase their consumptions of what?

Answer 23

Soluble fiber

Question 24

What does the term reduced cholesterol on a food label mean?

Answer 24

At least 25% less cholesterol per serving than the food it replaces

Question 25

What is a sign of bulimia nervosa?

Answer 25

Mood swings

Question 26

Who prescribes a diet for a patient after determining the patient's nutritional status?

Answer 26

A physician or dietician

Question 27

What promotes regular bowel movements by contributing to stool bulk. It is found in brain, whole-wheat bread, and brown rice.

Answer 27

Insoluble fiber

Question 28

What is the recommended daily allowance of vitamin C for an adult female?

Answer 28

75mg

Question 29

A process that turns liquid oils into solid fats

Answer 29

Hydrogenation

Question 30

What are the most common food allergens?

Answer 30

Wheat, milk, eggs, and chocolate

Question 31

Who is the primary concern when advising a patient on nutritional matters?

Answer 31

The patient

Question 32

What is the definition of a calorie?

Answer 32

The amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of 1kg of water by 1* C

Question 33

Why do cancer patients need extra protein?

Answer 33

They must regenerate cells destroyed by the cancer and its treatment

Question 34

How is a skin test performed?

Answer 34

Measuring the thickness of a fold of skin with a caliper

Question 35

Why is the MA a good resource for educating patients about nutrition?

Answer 35

MAs have a lot of contact with the patients

Question 36

What is a characteristic of saturated fat?

Answer 36

Comes from animal sources Can raise blood cholesterol levels Solid at room temperature

Question 37

As an MA, what should you do before you advise a patient on a dietary regimen?

Answer 37

Make sure you understand the regimen and how to implement it

Question 38

How much water should a person consume per day?

Answer 38

6-8 glasses

Question 39

What is one difference between bulimia and binge eating disorder?

Answer 39

A person with binge eating disorder does not purge

Question 40

Polysaccharides are also called what?

Answer 40

Complex carbohydrates

Question 41

How can you help patients who have been placed on modified diets?

Answer 41

Teach them how to read food labels

Question 42

What is the optimal percentage of body fat for males younger than age 50?

Answer 42

10-14%

Question 43

What should be reduced in a diet of a patient with hypertension?

Answer 43

Sodium

Question 44

For which condition might a physician prescribe a high-fiber diet?

Answer 44

Diverticulitis

Question 45

How much of a person's daily energy needs are provided by carbohydrates?

Answer 45

2/3