CH 6 Flashcards
(48 cards)
Who is known for observing fungal growth?
Robert Hooke
Robert Hooke’s observations contributed to the field of microbiology.
Who invented the microscope?
Anton van Leeuwenhoek
His invention allowed for the study of microorganisms.
What did Robert Koch prove?
Germ theory by isolating anthrax bacteria
This established the connection between microbes and diseases.
What theory did Koch’s work establish?
Germ Theory
It links microbes to disease causation.
What is an example of an extensively drug-resistant virus?
XDR-TB
This refers to extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis.
What does an optical microscope use?
A light source and compounding medium
This enables the magnification of small objects.
What does a stereo microscope provide?
Detailed, three-dimensional images
Useful for observing surface structures.
What does the objective lens do?
Selects the magnification power
Different lenses provide various levels of detail.
What do stage controls adjust?
The location or height of the stage
This assists in focusing on specimens.
Name a simple staining method used in microscopy.
A simple staining method in microscopy uses a single dye to color bacterial cells, making them more visible under the microscope.
This method highlights basic cell structures.
What is Gram staining used for?
Cell wall classification
It differentiates between Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.
What do culture and sensitivity tests determine?
Antibiotic effectiveness
They help identify the right treatment for infections.
What type of media allows for organism growth?
Culture Media
Complex media can have unknown compositions.
What is subculturing?
Periodic transfer to fresh media to maintain viability
This practice is essential for laboratory cultures.
What does the Linnean classification system organize?
Organisms into kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, and species
This hierarchical system helps in biological classification.
What are the three domains in Carl Woese’s system?
Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya
This classification reflects evolutionary relationships.
What do eukaryotic cells have?
A nucleus for genetic control
This is a distinguishing feature from prokaryotic cells.
What do prokaryotic cells lack?
A true nucleus
Their genetic material is found in the nucleoid region.
What is symbiosis?
Relationship between human host and indigenous microflora
This interaction can be beneficial or neutral.
Give an example of mutualism.
E. coli colonization within the human intestine
This relationship benefits both the bacteria and the host.
What is nomenclature?
Naming living organisms
It follows specific rules in taxonomy.
What does the cell nucleus control?
Genetic material in eukaryotic cells
It plays a crucial role in cell function and reproduction.
Where is genetic material located in prokaryotic cells?
In the nucleoid
This area is not membrane-bound.
What does active transport use as a source of energy?
ATP
This process moves substances against their concentration gradient.
