Ch 6

Question 1

define bilirubin

Answer 1

orange yellow pigment formed during destruction of erythrocytes that is taken up by liver cells and excreted in the feces

Question 2

define bolus

Answer 2

mass of masticated food

Question 3

define exocrine

Answer 3

type of gland that secretes its products through excretory ducts to the surface of an organ

Question 4

define sphincter

Answer 4

circular band of muscle fibers that constricts a passage or closes a natural opening of the body

Question 5

define triglycerides

Answer 5

organic compound, a true fat, that is made up of 1 glycerol and 3 fatty acids

Question 6

-orexia

Answer 6

appetite

Question 7

-pepsia

Answer 7

digestion

Question 8

-prandial

Answer 8

meal

Question 9

dia-

Answer 9

through across

Question 10

define ascites

Answer 10

abnorm accumulation of fluid in the abdominal cavity as a result of liver disease, neoplasm, inflam disorder in abdomen

Question 11

define borborygmus

Answer 11

rumbling or gurgling noises that are audible at a distance and caused by a passage of gas through the liquid contents of the intestines

Question 12

define cachexia

Answer 12

physical wasting that includes loss of weight or muscle mass common in aids and cancer

Question 13

define cholelithiasis

Answer 13

presence of gallstones in the gallbladder

Question 14

define cirrhosis

Answer 14

scarring and dysfunction of the liver caused by chronic liver disease

Question 15

define crohns disease

Answer 15

form of inflamm bowel disease possibly affecting any portion of the intestinal tract

Question 16

define dysentery

Answer 16

inflam of the intestines, esp the colon, caused by ingestion of water or food containing toxins that results in bloody diarrhea

Question 17

define flatus

Answer 17

gas in the GI tract

Question 18

define gastroesophageal reflux

Answer 18

backflow of gastric contents into the esophagus as a result of malfunction of the sphincter muscle at the inferior portion of the esophagus

Question 19

define haltosis

Answer 19

foul smelling breath

Question 20

define hermatemesis

Answer 20

vomiting blood

Question 21

define hemorrhoids

Answer 21

swollen varicose veins in the anorectal region, external or internal

Question 22

define intestinal obstruction

Answer 22

mechanical or functional blockage of the intestines that occurs when the contents of the intestines cannot move forward

Question 23

define irritable bowel

Answer 23

symptoms marked by abdominal pain, altered bowel function for which no organic caused can be determined

Question 24

define malabsorption syndrome

Answer 24

symptom of complex or small intestines characterized by the impaired passage of nutrients, minerals, or fluids into blood or lymph

Question 25

define melena

Answer 25

dark, tarlike feces that contain digested blood from bleeding in the esophagus or stomach

Question 26

define obsipation

Answer 26

sever constipation that may be caused by intestinal obstruction

Question 27

define oral leukplakia

Answer 27

formation of white spots or patches on the mucous membrane of the tounge lip or cheek

Question 28

define pyloric stenoisis

Answer 28

stricture or narrowing of the pyloric sphincter causing an abstruction that blocks flow of food into the intestines

Question 29

define regurgitation

Answer 29

a backwards flow, return of solids or fluids to the mouth from the stomach

Question 30

define ulcerative colitis

Answer 30

chronic inflam disease of he colon

Question 31

define antacids

Answer 31

neutralize acidity in stomach

Question 32

define antmetrics

Answer 32

control nausea and vomiting by blocking nerve impulses to the vomiting centre of the brain

Question 33

define antipasmodics

Answer 33

decrease gastrointestinal spasms slowing peristalsis and motility throughout the GI tract

Question 34

define histamine -2 blockers

Answer 34

inhibit secretion of stomach acid from the gastric cells by blocking the H2 receptor

Question 35

define proton pump inhibitors

Answer 35

supress basal and stimulated acid production by inhibiting the acid pump in gastric cells