Ch 8

Question 1

define leaflets

Answer 1

flat, lead shaped structures that comprise the valves of the heard and prevent the backflow of blood

Question 2

define lumen

Answer 2

tubular space or channel within an organ or structure of the body

Question 3

define regurgitation

Answer 3

backflow or ejecting of contents through an opening

Question 4

aneurysm/o

Answer 4

aneurysm

Question 5

arteri/o vs arteriol/o

Answer 5

artery, arteriole

Question 6

ather/o

Answer 6

fatty plaque

Question 7

coron/o

Answer 7

heart

Question 8

electr/o

Answer 8

electricity

Question 9

embol/o

Answer 9

embolus (plug)

Question 10

hermangi/o

Answer 10

blood vessel

Question 11

-cardia

Answer 11

heart condition

Question 12

define arteriosclerosis

Answer 12

progressive degenerative disease of arterial walls that causes them to become thickened and brittle, restricting bood flow

Question 13

CAD

Answer 13

any disease that interferes with the ability of the coronal arteries to supply blood to the myocardium

Question 14

define endocarditis

Answer 14

inflam of the inner lining of the heart and its valves

Question 15

define varicose veins

Answer 15

enlarged, engorged, twisted, superficial veins

Question 16

what are the 3 types of aneurysms

Answer 16

fusiform
saccular
dissecting

Question 17

define angina

Answer 17

chest pain caused by obstructions of spasms of the coronary arteries that decrease blood flow to the myocardium

Question 18

define arrhythmia

Answer 18

iregularity in the heart rhythm

Question 19

define fibrillation

Answer 19

abnormally rapid uncoordinated quivering of the myocardium

Question 20

define bruit

Answer 20

soft blowing sound heard on auscultation associated with vulvar action, the movement of blood as it passes an obstruction or both

Question 21

define cardiomyopathy

Answer 21

disease or weakness of the heart muscle

Question 22

define coarctation

Answer 22

narrowing of vessel

Question 23

define embolism

Answer 23

intravascular mass that dislodged from one part of the body and causes a blockage in another area

Question 24

define HF

Answer 24

heart failuredisorder that occurs when the heart is unable to effectively pump the quantity of blood required by the body

Question 25

define hyperlipdemia

Answer 25

excessive amounts of lipids in the blood

Question 26

define hypertension

Answer 26

elevated blood pressure

Question 27

define hypotension

Answer 27

low blood pressure

Question 28

define mitral valve prolapse

Answer 28

structural defect in which mitral valve leaflets prolapse into the left atrium during ventricular contraction resulting in incomplete closure and back-flow of blood

Question 29

define palpitation

Answer 29

sensation of an irregular heartbeat

Question 30

define peripheral artery disease

Answer 30

common circulatory disorder characterized by a reduced flow of blood to the extremities,

Question 31

define rheumatic heart disease

Answer 31

serious pathological condition resulting from rheumatic fever

Question 32

define syncope

Answer 32

partial or complete loss of consciousness usually caused by decreased supply of blood to the brain

Question 33

define thrombosis

Answer 33

blood clot develops in a vessel and obstructs it at the site of its formation

Question 34

define ACE, angriotensin - converting enzyme inhibitors

Answer 34

lowers blood pressure

Question 35

define angiotensin 2 receptor blockers

Answer 35

lower blood pressure

Question 36

define antiarrhythmics

Answer 36

prevent, alleviate, correct cardiac rhythm

Question 37

define anticoagulants

Answer 37

inhibit the bodys natural coagulation response to prevent formation of clots in blood vessels

Question 38

define beta blockers

Answer 38

block the effect of adrenaline which slows nerve pulses through the heart, causing a decrease in heart rate

Question 39

define calcium channel blockers

Answer 39

bock movement of calcium causing heart rate and blood pressure to decrease

Question 40

define diuretics

Answer 40

act on kidneys to increase the excretion of water and sodium

Question 41

define nitrates

Answer 41

dilate blood vessels of the heart causing an increase in the amount of oxygen delivered to the myocardium and widen blood vessels allowing for more blood to the heart

Question 42

define statnis

Answer 42

lower cholesterol in the blood and reduce its production in the liver by blocking the enzyme that produces it