Ch 6-A Tour of the Cell part 2

Question 1

Components of the Endomembrane System

Answer 1

• Nuclear Envelope
• Endoplasmic Reticulum
• Golgi Apparatus
• Lysosomes
• Vacuoles
• Plasma Membrane

Question 2

Relationship Between the Endomembrane System and its Functions

Answer 2

The Cellular components work together to modify, package, tag, and transport proteins and lipids that form the membranes.

Question 3

Energy Converting Organelles and Summarize their Functions.

Answer 3

• Chloroplast
  
  • Contain chlorophyll, enzymes and other molecules necessary for photosynthesis
• Mitochondria
  
  • Carry out Cellular Respiration
    
    • ATP Synthesis
  • Found in Plant & Animal cells

Question 4

Functions of Peroxisomes

Answer 4

• Produce Hydrogen Peroxide and Convert it into Water
• Chemical Detoxification
• Metabolic Compartment

Question 5

Describe Cytoskeleton

Answer 5

• Network of Fiber
• Functions
  
  • Maintains cell shape
  • Cell Motility
  • Provides Structural Support to Organelles
• Composed of
  
  • Microfilaments
  • Intermediate filaments
  • Microtubules

Question 6

Compare the Roles of Microfilaments, Intermediate Filaments, and Microtubules

Answer 6

• Microfilaments
  
  • Maintain Cell shape
  • Muscle Contraction
  • Cell Movement (Amoeba)
• Intermediate Filament
  
  • Maintain Cell Shape
  • Anchor Nucleus and Other Organelles
• Microtubule
  
  • Maintain Cell Shape
  • Allow Organelle Movement
  • Separating Chromosome During Cell Division
  • Allow Cell Movement (Main Components of Cilia and Flagella)

Question 7

Compare and Contrast Cilia and Flagella

Answer 7

• Cilia
  
  • Short, Occur in Large Numbers
• Flagella
  
  • Long, Limited to One or a Few Per Cell
• Basal Body Anchors Cilium or Flagellum

Question 8

Structure and Functions of Cell Wall

Answer 8

• Function
  
  • Protection, Maintain Shape, Prevents Excessive Uptake of Water
• Made of
  
  • Cellulose Embedded in other Polysaccharides and Protein

Question 9

Ways that Plant Cells and Animal Cells Communicate with Adjacent Cells

Answer 9

• Plant Cell
  
  • Plasmodesmata
• Animal Cell
  
  • Tight Junctions
  • Desmosomes (Anchoring Junctions)
  • Gap Junctions (Communicating Junctions)

Question 10

Roles of Tight Junctions, Desmosomes, Gap Junctions, and Plasmodesmata

Answer 10

• Tight Junctions
  
  • Prevent Leakage of extracellular Fluid
• Desmosomes
  
  • Fasten Cells Together into Strong Sheets
• Gap Junctions
  
  • Provide Cytoplasmic Channels Between Adjacent Cells
• Plasmodesmata
  
  • Perforate Cell Wall, Water and Small Solutes Pass From Cell to Cell