Ch. 6 Muculoskeletal System Conditions & Terms Flashcards
(125 cards)
1
Q
Reduces inflammation (another name for anti-inflammatory)
A
Corticosteroid
2
Q
Reduces pain
A
Analgesic
3
Q
Removal of part of a vertebra
A
Laminectomy
4
Q
The removal of a bunion
A
Bunionectomy
5
Q
Removal of a bursa
A
Bursectomy
6
Q
Fusion of two or more spinal vertebrae
A
Spondylosyndesis
7
Q
Surgical fusion of a joint to stiffen it
A
Arthrodesis
8
Q
Removal of all or part of a joint’s synovial membrane
A
Synovectomy
9
Q
Removal of fluid from between a joint
A
Arthrocentesis
10
Q
Repair of a joint
A
Arthroplasty
11
Q
Repair of a muscle
A
Myoplasty
12
Q
Incision into a tendon
A
Tenotomy
13
Q
Incision into a bone
A
Osteotomy
14
Q
External appliance used to immobilize or assist the movement of the spine or limbs
A
Orthosis
15
Q
Abnormal lateral curvature of the spinal column
A
Scoliosis
16
Q
Abnormal anterior spine curvature resulting in a sway back
A
Lordosis
17
Q
Abnormal posterior spine curvature
A
Kyphosis
18
Q
Malignant tumor of the bone
A
Osteosarcoma
19
Q
Benign bone tumor, usually on the skull or mandible
A
Osteoma
20
Q
Benign muscle tumor
A
Myoma
21
Q
Bone marrow tumor
A
Myeloma
22
Q
Inflammation of the bone marrow and surrounding bone
A
Osteomyelitis
23
Q
Noise made by the rubbing together of bones
A
Crepitation
24
Q
Pain in the big toe; often associated with gout
A
Podagra
25
Inflammation of the joints, present in gout; usually caused by uric acid crystals
Gouty arthritis
26
Autoimmune disorder affecting the connective tissue
Rheumatoid arthritis
27
Arthritis with erosion of the cartilage
Degenerative arthritis
28
Arthritis with the loss of cartilage
Osteoarthritis
29
Any of various conditions involving joint inflammation
Arthritis
30
An inflamed bursa at the foot joint, between the big toe and the first metatarsal bone
Bunion
31
Inflammation of a bursa
Bursitis
32
Death of portions of bone
Bony necrosis
33
Inflammation of a muscle
Myositis
34
Progressive degenerative disorder affecting the musculoskeletal system and later, other organs
Muscular dystrophy
35
Wasting away of tissue, organs, and cells, usually as a result of disease or loss of blood supply
Atrophy
36
Abnormal, repetitive muscle contractions
Tremor
37
Painfully long muscle contraction; muscle paralysis, usually due to decreased levels of ionized calcium in the blood
Tetany
38
Abnormal tone in tissues
Dystonia
39
Stiffness
Rigidity
40
Stiffening
Rigor
41
Abnormally reduced muscle tension
Hypotonia
42
Without tone; relaxed
Flaccid
43
Increase as in muscle size
Hypertrophy
44
Extreme resistance to the stretching of a muscle
Contracture
45
Partial dislocation, as between joints
Subluxation
46
Injury to a muscle as a result of improper use or overuse
Strain
47
Injury to a ligament
Sprain
48
Bony projection growing out of a bone
(2 answers separated by / , with spaces between the word and /)
Calcar / spur
49
Foot deformity characterized by inversion of the foot
Talipes varus
50
Foot deformity characterized by eversion of the foot
Talipes vulgas
51
Deformity of the heel resulting from weakened calf muscles
Talipes calcaneus
52
Disease of the skeletal system, usually caused by vitamin D deficiency
Rickets
53
1. Pain in the lower back, usually radiating down the leg, from a herniated disk or other injury/condition
2. Inflammation of the sciatic nerve
Sciatica
54
Protrusion of an intervertebral disk into the neural canal
Herniated disk
55
Congenital defect with deformity of the spinal column
Spina bifida
56
Device that measures bone density using light and x-ray
Densitometer
57
Instrument that measures angles of motion in a joint
Goniometer
58
Test for acid content in urine; elevated levels may indicate gout
Uric acid test
59
Test for phosphors in the blood
Serum phosphorus
60
Test for calcium in the blood
Serum calcium
61
Enzyme active in muscle contraction, usually phosphokinase is elevated after a myocardial infarction and indicates the presence of other degenerative muscle diseases
Serum creatine phosphokinase
62
Test used to detect rheumatoid arthritis
Rheumatoid factor test
63
A graphic image of muscular action using electrical currents
Electromyogram
64
Radiographic imaging of the spinal cord
Myelography
65
Radiographic image of an intervertebral disk by injection of a contrast medium into the center of the disk
Diskography
66
Examination with an instrument that explores the interior of a joint
Arthroscopy
67
Radiography of a joint
Arthrography
68
Physician who examines, diagnoses, and treats disorders of the joints and musculoskeletal system
Rheumatologist
69
Physician who combines manipulative treatment with conventional therapeutic measures
Osteopath
70
Physician who examines, diagnoses, and treats disorders of the musculoskeletal system
Orthopedists
71
Relates to a vertebral artery or to a vertebra and/or artery
Vertebro-arterial
72
Inflammation of a synovial joint
Synovitis
73
Sternum pain
Sternodynia
74
Excision of the patella
Patellectomy
75
Arthritis characterized by erosion of cartilage and bone as well as joint pain
Osteoarthritis
76
Cyst that developed in bone marrow
Myelocyst
77
Excision of a metacarpal
Metacarpectomy
78
Pertains to the jaw and face
Maxilofacial
79
Pain in the ischium
Ischiodynia
80
Relating to the ilium and the femur
Ilio-femoral
81
Relates to both the humerus and the scapula
Humero-scapular
82
Benign tumor in fibrous tissue
Fibroma
83
Surgical repair of cartilage
Chondroplasty
84
Neck pain
Cervicodynia
85
Inflammation of a bursa
Bursitis
86
Relates to both the arm and head
Brachiocephalic
87
An incision into the skull
Craniotomy
88
X-ray of a joint
Arthrogram
89
Stiffening of a joint, especially as a result of disease
Ankylosis
90
A bending down, as of the ankle
Plantar flexion
91
A bending up, as of the ankle
Dorsiflexion
92
Moving the sole of the foot inward
Inversion
93
Moving the sole of the foot outward
Eversion
94
Turning down, as of the hand
Pronation
95
Turning up, as of the hand
Supination
96
Movement toward the body
Adduction
97
Movement away from the body
Abduction
98
Circular movement of a part, such as the neck
Rotation
99
The straightening of a limb
Extension
100
Bending of a limb
Flexion
101
Sheet of fibrous tissue that encloses muscles
Fascia
102
Smooth (visceral)
Involuntary muscles
103
Striated
Voluntary muscles
104
Sac lined with a synovial membrane that fills the space between tendons and joints
Bursa
105
Fluid that serves to lubricate joints
Synovial fluid
106
Connective tissue lining the cavity of joints and producing the synovial fluid
Synovial membrane
107
A joint that moves
Synovial joint
108
Fibrous band that connects muscle to bone and other structures
Tendon
109
Sheet of fibrous tissue connecting and supporting bones; attaches bone to bone
Ligaments
110
Joints, points where bones connect
Articulations
111
Soft, membranous section on top of an infant’s skull
Fontanelles
112
Joining of two bone parts with a fibrous membrane
Sutures
113
Connective tissue filling the medullary cavity, often rich in nutrients
Marrow
114
Cartilaginous tissue that is replaced during growth years, but eventually calcifies and disappears when growth stops
Epiphyseal plate
115
Growth plate at the ends of long bones
Epiphysis
116
The shaft of a long bone
Diaphysis
117
Vitamin important to the formation of bone
Vitamin D
118
Mineral important to the formation of bone
Phosphorus
119
Mineral important to the formation of the bone
Calcium
120
Process of hardening into bone
Ossification
121
Large cells that reabsorb and removes osseous tissue
Osteoclasts
122
Bone forming cells
Osyeoblasts
123
Flexible connective tissue found in joints, fetal skeleton, and the lining of various parts of the body
Cartilage
124
Bone cells
Osteocytes
125
Connective tissue into which calcium salts are deposited
Osseous tissue
