CH 6 SG

Question 1

What are the physical changes in middle childhood?

Answer 1

SLOW & STEADY
-IMPROVEMENTS
-MUSCLE MASS
-STRENGTH
-MOTOR SKILLS

Question 2

What is the leading cause of death in Middle Childhood?

Answer 2

Accidents

Question 3

What are the issues of being overweight in childhood?

Answer 3

-High blood pressure
-High cholesterol
-Increased risk of type 2 diabetes
-Breathing problems such as asthma
-Joint problems
-Self-esteem issues
-Anxiety & depression
-Bullying

Question 4

factors of concrete operational thinking

Answer 4

CHARACTERIZED BY CONCEPTS USING
LOGIC
-APPLIED TO VISIBLE REAL THINGS
-NOT ABSTRACTIONS
-NO LONGER CENTER ON ONLY ONE
ASPECT (LESS EGOCENTRIC)

Question 5

What are the concepts of cognitive flexibility?

Answer 5

THE ABILITY TO SWITCH FOCUS AS
NEEDED TO COMPLETE A TASK
-CAN DO THE SHAPE/COLOR TEST WITHOUT PROBLEM

Question 6

Dysgraphia

Answer 6

a neurological disorder that makes it difficult to write by hand, or to communicate through written language (affects ability to write clearly and correctly)

Question 7

Emotional development

Answer 7

DEVELOPMENTAL CHANGES
-INCREASED UNDERSTANDING CAN
EXPERIENCE MULTIPLE EMOTIONS IN A
SITUATION
-INCREASED EMOTIONAL CONTROL

Question 8

Self-concept

Answer 8

CONTINUING TO DEVELOP
-LESS OPTIMISTIC THAN IN EARLY
CHILDHOOD
-MORE SELF-COMPARISON
-Rise in self-criticism and self-consciousness

Question 9

The different types of self-esteem

Answer 9

-GLOBAL
-SPECIFIC (PARTICULAR ASPECTS OF SELF)
-BASELINE
-BAROMETRIC

Question 10

Peers

Answer 10

GROUP OF INDIVIDUALS APPROX. SAME
AGE, GRADE, OR SOCIAL STATUS

Question 11

Bullying

Answer 11

REPEATED, SYSTEMATIC EFFORTS TO
INFLICT HARM
-PHYSICAL
-RELATIONAL (Social)
-VERBAL
-CYBERBULLYING (ONLINE)

Question 12

Pre-conventional moral development (first stage)

Answer 12

a person’s moral decisions based on direct consequences of their actions, like avoiding punishment/gaining personal rewards, than internalized societal norms or ethical principles (a child-like approach to right and wrong)

Question 13

MINDSET (Dweck)

Answer 13

-BELIEFS ABOUT SELF & BASIC
QUALITIES
-TYPES
—FIXED
—GROWTH

Question 14

Fixed Mindset

Answer 14

BELIEVE BASIC TALENTS AND
INTELLIGENCE ARE FIXED TRAITS—
DETERMINISTIC VIEW
(“WE ARE WHO WE ARE, & I CAN’T DO MUCH TO CHANGE THAT”)
-AVOID CHALLENGES
-GIVES UP EASILY
-EFFORT IS USELESS
-IGNORE FEEDBACK

Question 15

Growth Mindset

Answer 15

BASIC ABILITIES CAN BE DEVELOPED
THROUGH DEDICATION & HARD WORK
-GREATER SENSE OF FREE WILL
(“I CAN CHANGE THROUGH HARD WORK!”)
-EMBRACE CHALLENGES
-PERSIST
-SEE EFFORT AS PATH TO MASTERY
-LEARN FROM FEEDBACK
-FIND INSPIRATION FROM SUCCESS OF
OTHERS

Question 16

Body Mass Index (BMI)

Answer 16

a measure of weight relative to height

Question 17

Classification

Answer 17

LOGICAL PRINCIPLE THAT THINGS CAN BE ORGANIZED INTO GROUPS ACCORDING TO SOME CHARACTERISTIC
●DEVELOPS AROUND AGE 6
●E.G., FAMILY, ANIMALS

Question 18

Reversibility

Answer 18

THINGS CAN BE REVERSED (NOTICE WITH THIS THERE IS NOW CONSERVATION)

Question 19

Conservation

Answer 19

the ability to understand that an object’s quantity, mass, or volume remains the same even if its appearance changes
(a logical thinking ability)

Question 20

Decentration

Answer 20

a cognitive process that helps children move away from egocentrism and toward a more objective understanding of the world (TAKING MULTIPLE
ASPECTS INTO ACCOUNT)

Question 21

Seriation

Answer 21

arranging objects in order by size, location or position (sorting things or ideas by size, color, shape, or type)

Question 22

Memory strategy deficiencies

Answer 22

a lack of ability to effectively use cognitive strategies to encode and retrieve information

Question 23

Metacognition

Answer 23

the point at which children, around the age of 11, become capable of reflecting on their thinking and working with more abstract ideas

Question 24

Stuttering

Answer 24

a condition that happens when muscles you use for speaking twitch or move uncontrollably while you talk

Question 25

Learning disability (or LD)

Answer 25

is a specific impairment of academic learning that interferes with a specific aspect of schoolwork and that reduces a student's academic performance significantly

Question 26

Hidden curriculum

Answer 26

a set of influences that function at the level of the organizational structure and culture to impact learning

Question 27

Dyslexia

Answer 27

a specific learning disability that makes it difficult to read and write accurately and fluently

Question 28

ADHD

Answer 28

a developmental disorder that affects a person's brain development and activity, and can impact their ability to focus, sit still, and control themselves

Question 29

Self-efficacy

Answer 29

a person's belief in their ability to perform a specific task or challenge

Question 30

Cyberbullying

Answer 30

bullying with the use of digital technologies

Question 31

Family tasks

Answer 31

the essential functions and responsibilities that a family unit needs to fulfill to support the healthy development of its members

Question 32

Blended families

Answer 32

a family formed when two people come together and bring a child or children from previous relationships

Question 33

Dyscalculia

Answer 33

a learning disorder that affects a person's ability to understand number-based information and math

Question 34

Self-esteem (self-image)

Answer 34

OVERALL SELF-EVALUATION OR SENSE OF SELF-WORTH

Question 35

Friends

Answer 35

EMOTIONAL INVESTMENT -GOOD FOR MENTAL HEALTH -FOSTER SELF-ESTEEM -Core qualities -Similarity, trust, emotional support

Question 36

POPULAR KIDS

Answer 36

-TEND TO HAVE GOOD SOCIAL SKILLS -ATTRACTIVE, OUTGOING -Popular doesn’t necessarily = liked

Question 37

UNPOPULAR KIDS

Answer 37

NEGLECTED -RECEIVE LITTLE ATTENTION -NOT NECESSARILY DISLIKED -DO HAVE FRIENDS

Question 38

AGGRESSIVE-REJECTED

Answer 38

REJECTED BY PEERS BECAUSE AGGRESSIVE & CONFRONTATIONAL

Question 39

WITHDRAWN-REJECTED

Answer 39

REJECTED BY PEERS BECAUSE TIMID & ANXIOUS KIDS THAT ARE REJECTED HAVE MORE PROBLEMS -INCREASED RISK OF DEPRESSION -ANGER ISSUES

Question 40

CONTROVERSIAL

Answer 40

BOTH LIKED & DISLIKED

Question 41

Victims of bullies

Answer 41

BULLYING PEOPLE WHO ARE OFTEN PERCEIVED AS “DIFFERENT” -KIDS WHO ARE BULLIED OFTEN DO NOT TELL THEIR PARENTS OR TEACHERS THAT THEY ARE BEING BULLIED. (WHY DON’T THEY TELL?)

Question 42

Consequences of bullying

Answer 42

-DEPRESSION & ANXIETY -PHYSICAL PROBLEMS -ACADEMIC ISSUES -Etc.

Question 43

Factors involved w/ bullying

Answer 43

-MAY BE POPULAR -MAY LACK SOCIAL SKILLS -MAY LACK EMPATHY -MAY BE DEPRESSED -BOTTOM LINE—VARIETY OF KIDS BULLY (WANT TO FEEL POWER)

Question 44

Stopping bullying

Answer 44

Entire school must be involved, not just the identified bullies. -Intervention is more effective in the earlier grades.

Question 45

Bystander

Answer 45

OFTEN DON’T GET INVOLVED -AFRAID WILL BE BULLIED -DIFFUSION OF RESPONSIBILITY THINGS CAN DO -BEFRIEND -WALK AWAY -TELL SOMEONE

Question 46

Conventional moral development

Answer 46

individuals base their moral decisions primarily on societal norms, rules, and expectations, prioritizing the approval of others/maintaining social order, than questioning the rules themselves

Question 47

Post-conventional moral development (last stage)

Answer 47

individuals base their decisions on abstract ethical principles and universal human rights, often going beyond societal norms and laws to act according to their own internal moral compass

Question 48

GLOBAL self-esteem

Answer 48

DESCRIBES OVERALL

Question 49

SPECIFIC self-esteem

Answer 49

(PARTICULAR ASPECTS OF SELF) -ACADEMICS -ATTRACTIVENSS -ATHLETICS

Question 50

BASELINE self-esteem

Answer 50

FAIRLY STEADY

Question 51

BAROMETRIC self-esteem

Answer 51

FLUCTUATIONS