Ch 7, 8, 9 SG

Question 1

cephalosporines have about a 10% cross-hypersensitivity with

Answer 1

penicillin

Question 2

milk should not be given concomitantly with

Answer 2

tetracyclines

Question 3

what can prolong penicillin’s effet?

Answer 3

probenecid

Question 4

the overgrowth of an organism that was not present when the tx of an infection began is termed

Answer 4

superinfection

Question 5

pts who are given metronidazole should be warned about

Answer 5

alcohol

they should not have alcohol

Question 6

what condition does a patient who is taking isoniazid and rifampin have

Answer 6

tuberculosis

Question 7

blue-pigmented oral lesions in adults and vestibular dysfunction are associated with

Answer 7

minocycline

Question 8

what could be given to a patient before root planning when the patient has a history of infective endocardititis, is allergic to penicillin, and has severe gatric upset with erythromycin

Answer 8

clindamycin

Question 9

cardiac dose of epinephrine is

Answer 9

0.04

Question 10

an advantage of the amide over the ester local anesthetics

Answer 10

lack of allergenicity

Question 11

macrolids include

Answer 11

erythromycin
azithromycin
clarithromycin

Question 12

patient has had an artificial hip replacement for 10 years without any problems. what should this patient take an hour before appointment for oral prophylaxis

Answer 12

nothing

Question 13

if bacteriostatic and bacteriocidal agents are given concomitantly, one might expect

Answer 13

they cancel eachother out

Question 14

which two have excellent anaerobic coverage

Answer 14

metronidazole

clindamycin

Question 15

major problem with use of erythromycin

Answer 15

GI effects

Question 16

agent produces a statistically significant change in duration of recurrent herpes simplex lesions in the immunocompenent patient

Answer 16

penciclovir

Question 17

antibiotic associated colitis is most closly associated with

Answer 17

clindamycin

Question 18

usful in tx of oral candididiasis

Answer 18

clotrimazole

Question 19

pt who has taken tetracycline exhibits white patchy oral lesions that bleed when they are scraped. what should be used to tx these lesions

Answer 19

nystatin

Question 20

essentially ineffective against anaerobic bacteria

Answer 20

erythromycin

Question 21

theophylline toxicity may result if a patient aleardy taking theophylline is given

Answer 21

erythromycin

Question 22

which dosage form of nystatin is the least cariogenic (has lowest sugar content)?

Answer 22

vaginal tablet

Question 23

penicillin has a ____ spectrum of action and tetracyclin has a ____ spectrum of action

Answer 23

narrow

wide

Question 24

what is resistant to penicillinase

Answer 24

augmentin

Question 25

if a patient is allergic to penicillin, there is a 10% cross-hypersensitivity to

Answer 25

cephalosporines

Question 26

which should be avoided in the tx of a patient with alcoholism?

Answer 26

metronidazole

Question 27

which drug should be used before an oral prophylaxis for a patient who has rheumatic heart disease

Answer 27

amoxicillin

Question 28

pt who is allergic to penicillin will have an allergic reaction to which of the following drugs

Answer 28

cephalexin

Question 29

which drug is used to tx an infection with candida albicans

Answer 29

nystatin

Question 30

when taken with antacids, can result in as much as a 50% decrease in intestianal absorption of the medication

Answer 30

tetracyclin

Question 31

MOA of local anesthetics is to

Answer 31

interfere with function of the neurons

Question 32

preferred over penicillin and ampicillin because it requires less daily dosing

Answer 32

amoxicillin

Question 33

of all the drugs in dental office; _____ most likely to cause an anaphylactic reaction

Answer 33

penicillin

Question 34

2 grams 1 hour before dental treatment is the antibiotic regimin for

Answer 34

amoxicillin

Question 35

most common reported side effect associated with any of the antibiotics is

Answer 35

GI effects

Question 36

most common manifestation of allergy to penicillin is

Answer 36

rash

Question 37

examples of antifungal agents

Answer 37

nystatin clotrimazole ketoconazole fluconazole

Question 38

most frequent antifuncal angent used in dentistry

Answer 38

imidazole

Question 39

amide or ester? | lidocaine (Xylocaine)

Answer 39

amide

Question 40

amide or ester? | mepivacaine (Carbocaine)

Answer 40

amide

Question 41

amide or ester? | procaine (Novocaine)

Answer 41

ester

Question 42

amide or ester? | tetracaine (Pontocaine)

Answer 42

ester

Question 43

amide or ester? | prilocaine (Citanest)

Answer 43

amide

Question 44

amide or ester? | propoxycaine (Ravocaine)

Answer 44

ester

Question 45

amide or ester? | bupivacaine (Marcaine)

Answer 45

amide

Question 46

amides are not likely to cause allergic reactions. an additive that may trigger a reaction is

Answer 46

sodium metabisulfite

Question 47

most commonly used vasoconstrictor

Answer 47

epinephrine

Question 48

most commonly used topical anesthetic

Answer 48

benzocaine

Question 49

local anesthetic of choice when a long duration of action is required, eg. long dental procedure on post op pain is expected

Answer 49

bupivacaine

Question 50

used to proved some local anesthetic to a patient with a history of allergy to all local anesthetics

Answer 50

diphenhydramine (Benadryl)

Question 51

makes local anesthetic solution isotonic

Answer 51

sodium chloride

Question 52

prevents bacteria from growing local anesthetic solution that is used repeatedly

Answer 52

methylparaben

Question 53

is a vasoconstrictor in local anesthetic solutions

Answer 53

epinephrine

Question 54

adjust the pH of local anesthetic solutions

Answer 54

sodium hydroxide

Question 55

acts as an antioxidant in local anesthetic solutions

Answer 55

sodium metabisulfite

Question 56

a patient is given extensive doses of a broad-spectrum antibiotic. a sequela that may develop is

Answer 56

black hairy tongue

Question 57

penicillin acts by interfering with the syntheisis of the

Answer 57

cell wall

Question 58

a pt with a history of which of the following may required antibiotic premedication before subgingival instrumentation

Answer 58

prosthetic cardiac valve pervious infective endocarditis congenital heart disease (CHD)

Question 59

which of the following drugs is used to tx infection with candida albicans

Answer 59

nystatin

Question 60

prophylactic antibiotic therapy is necessary for patients with the following conditions except

Answer 60

mitral valve prolapse rheumatic heart disease bicuspid valve disease calcified aortic stenosis

Question 61

drugs used to tx hyperlipidemia

Answer 61

-statin

Question 62

most often used drug in dentistry

Answer 62

local anesthetic

Question 63

order of nerve function loss

Answer 63

1. autonomic 2. cold 3. warmth 4. pain 5. touch 6. pressure 7. vibration 8. proprioception 9. motor

Question 64

ending of protease inhibitors

Answer 64

-vir (or -avir)

Question 65

ending of nucleoside analogs

Answer 65

-ine

Question 66

ending of nonnucleoside analogs

Answer 66

root of -vir-; ending in -ine

Question 67

protease inhibitor, nucleoside analog, or nonnucleoside analog? saquinavir

Answer 67

protease

Question 68

protease inhibitor, nucleoside analog, or nonnucleoside analog? didanosine

Answer 68

nucleoside

Question 69

protease inhibitor, nucleoside analog, or nonnucleoside analog? delavirdine

Answer 69

nonnucleoside

Question 70

protease inhibitor, nucleoside analog, or nonnucleoside analog? ritonavir

Answer 70

protease

Question 71

protease inhibitor, nucleoside analog, or nonnucleoside analog? zidovudine

Answer 71

nucleoside

Question 72

protease inhibitor, nucleoside analog, or nonnucleoside analog? nevirapine

Answer 72

nonnucleoside