Vocab

Question 1

substance produced when acetylcholine broken down

Answer 1

acetic acid

Question 2

enzyme destroys acetylcholine; inactivates effect

Answer 2

acetycholinesterase

Question 3

lower part of spine btwn lowest pair of ribs and pelvis; made up of 5 vertebrae

Answer 3

lumbar

Question 4

center portion of adrenal gland; secretes epinephrine

Answer 4

adrenal medulla

Question 5

nerves that are connected to tissue

Answer 5

innervations

Question 6

coming back to the center, for example, nerves from the periphery to cns

Answer 6

afferent

Question 7

over activity of the thyroid gland, causing nervousness, weight loss, hair changes

Answer 7

hyperthyroidism

Question 8

the atria beat rapidly and inconsistently; irregular heartbeat

Answer 8

atrial fibrillation

Question 9

elevated body temp

Answer 9

hyperthermia

Question 10

disorder present in children and adults, characterized by learning and behavior probs, inability to pay attention, and sometimes hyperactivity

Answer 10

attention deficit disorder (ADD)

Question 11

elevated body temp; side effect of aspirin overdose

Answer 11

hyperpyrexia

Question 12

drug increases diameter of the bronchioles, improves breathing and relives muscle contraction or buildup of mucus

Answer 12

bronchodilators

Question 13

rate at which heart pumps blood; units= heartbeats per minute

Answer 13

heart rate

Question 14

cessation of heart beat; results from a heart attack, respiratory arrest, electrical shock, drug overdose, or a severe allergic reaction

Answer 14

cardiac arrest

Question 15

perception that occurs when there is actually nothing there to cause it (e.g. hearing voices when none exist)

Answer 15

hallucinations

Question 16

stimulated, activated, or transmitted by choline

Answer 16

cholinergic (parasympathomimetic)

Question 17

breaking down of glycogen

Answer 17

glycogenolysis

Question 18

spasm of accommodation

Answer 18

cyclyplegia

Question 19

transient erythema

Answer 19

plushing

Question 20

change in polarity (e.g., positive to negative)

Answer 20

depolarization

Question 21

effects that occur when sympathetic autonomic nervous system is stimulated

Answer 21

fight or flight

Question 22

acts by stimulation of the receptor

Answer 22

direct acting

Question 23

w/ high doses of epinephrine, the alpha-effect predominates and leads to an increase in bp and a reflex decrease in heart rate (similar to norepinephrine); when the dose is lower, beta-effects predominate (alpha receptors are less sensitive) beta1 increases heart rate, beta 2 produces vasodilation and reflex tachycardia

Answer 23

epinephrine reversal

Question 24

conveying or conducting away from an organ or part

Answer 24

efferent

Question 25

hormone produced by the adrenal glands in response to stress, exercise, or fear; increases heart rate and opens airways to improve breathing; also called adrenaline

Answer 25

epinephrine

Question 26

changes in diameter of blood vessel caused by the heart beat; synonymous w/ the heart rate

Answer 26

pulse

Question 27

acute rise in body temp, muscle rigidity; caused by change in body's muscle metabolism; can be fatal

Answer 27

malignant hyperthermia

Question 28

Mental disorder in which a serious inability to think perceive and judge clearly causes loss of touch with reality

Answer 28

Psychosis

Question 29

The soft center part of an organ or body structure (eg, meant medulla oblongata [brain], Renal medulla [kidney])

Answer 29

Medulla

Question 30

Nerve fibers that precede the ganglia especially in autonomic nervous system

Answer 30

Preganglionic fibers

Question 31

Constriction of pupil

Answer 31

Miosis

Question 32

Abnormal sensitivity of the eyes to light

Answer 32

Photophobia

Question 33

Enzyme that destroys single Amines

Answer 33

Momamine oxidase

Question 34

Tumor that secretes epinephrine

Answer 34

Pheochromocytoma

Question 35

Slippery fluid produced by mucous membranes that lubricates and protects the internal surfaces of the body

Answer 35

Mucus

Question 36

Narrowing of blood vessels in the legs or arms; causing pain and possibly tissue death (gangrene) as a result of a reduced flow of blood to areas supplied by the narrow vessels

Answer 36

Peripheral vascular disease

Question 37

Receptors that are activated by muscarine; contained in certain mushrooms; Anticholinergics block this action

Answer 37

Muscarinic

Question 38

Opposition to flow of blood through the vessels, varies with vessel diameter; total peripheral resistance

Answer 38

Peripheral resistance

Question 39

Disease in which the muscles, mainly those in the face eyes throat and limbs, become weak and tire quickly; caused by the body's immune system attacking the receptors in the muscles that pick up nerve impulses

Answer 39

Myasthenia gravis

Question 40

Lack of brain dopamine; leads to muscle stiffness, weakness, and trembling

Answer 40

Parkinson's disease

Question 41

Dilation of the pupils

Answer 41

Mydriasis

Question 42

Llium motility reduced or absent; often caused by general anesthetics

Answer 42

Paralytic ileus

Question 43

Frequent and uncontrollable episodes of falling asleep; excessive sleepiness

Answer 43

Narcolepsy

Question 44

Inability to move a muscle

Answer 44

Paralysis

Question 45

Disease with elevated pressure in Eye because of narrow angle; treated with emergency surgery; 5% of glaucoma cases

Answer 45

Narrow angle glaucoma

Question 46

Excessively large dose of a drug; can lead to a coma and death; used to commit suicide

Answer 46

Overdose

Question 47

Synapse between the nervous innovations and the somatic (voluntary) muscles

Answer 47

Neuromuscular junction

Question 48

Organic compounds that combine with acetylcholinesterase, in activating it, called irreversible cholinesterase inhibitors; used as insecticides and war gases

Answer 48

Organophosphate

Question 49

Disease with elevated pressure in eye; treated with ophthalmic drops; 95% of glaucoma cases

Answer 49

Open angle glaucoma

Question 50

Reduced saliva (dry mouth)

Answer 50

Xerostomia

Question 51

Has effects on cardiac muscle similar to quinidine

Answer 51

Quinidine-like

Question 52

Thick

Answer 52

Viscous

Question 53

Disease involving constriction of blood vessels of extremities

Answer 53

Raynaud's syndrome

Question 54

Sac containing something; in autonomic nervous system vesicle store neurotransmitters

Answer 54

Vesicles

Question 55

Structural protein molecule that binds with specific agents (ligands)

Answer 55

Receptor

Question 56

Blood vessels Widen

Answer 56

Vasodilation

Question 57

Cord used around tooth to separate tissue from tooth, improves accuracy of impression; may contain epinephrine

Answer 57

Retraction cord

Question 58

Blood vessels narrow

Answer 58

Vasoconstriction

Question 59

Part of the vertebral column near the pelvis, includes the coccyx

Answer 59

Sacral

Question 60

Vagal nerve; parasympathetic autonomic nervous system stimulates Vagus; produces bradycardia

Answer 60

Vagus

Question 61

Relating to body or trunk of body

Answer 61

Somatic

Question 62

Retained urine in the bladder; associated with prostatic hypertrophy

Answer 62

Urinary retention

Question 63

Salivary gland located below the tongue

Answer 63

Sublingual gland

Question 64

Increase in heart rate

Answer 64

Tachycardia

Question 65

Salivary gland in lower jaw

Answer 65

Sub maxillary gland

Question 66

Space between nerve cells or between nerve cells and effector organ (space between)

Answer 66

Synaptic cleft