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CS 335 - Computer Networks > Ch. 7 - Wireless & Mobile Networks > Flashcards

Ch. 7 - Wireless & Mobile Networks Flashcards

1
Q

Mobility Challenge

A

Managing users changing network attachment points.

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2
Q

4G LTE vs. 5G Speed

A

4G LTE = 54 Mbps; 5G = 10 Gbps

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3
Q

Ad Hoc Mode

A

Nodes transmit directly without base stations.

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4
Q

Handoff

A

Mobile changes base station during active connection.

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5
Q

Single Hop Network

A

Direct connection from host to base station.

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6
Q

Multiple Hops Network

A

Host relays through several nodes to connect.

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7
Q

Wireless Network Taxonomy

A

Classifies networks by infrastructure and connectivity.

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8
Q

MANET

A

Mobile Ad hoc Network; self-configuring network of mobile devices.

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9
Q

VANET

A

Vehicular Ad hoc Network; network for vehicle communication.

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10
Q

Signal Attenuation

A

Reduction in signal strength as it travels.

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11
Q

Multipath Propagation

A

Signal reflection causing multiple arrival times.

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12
Q

Modulation Scheme Examples

A

QAM256/QAM16: Quadrature Amplitude Modulation with 256 or 16 levels; BPSK: Binary Phase Shift Keying; simplest modulation scheme.

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13
Q

Hidden Terminal Problem

A

Communication issue where nodes can’t detect each other.

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14
Q

CDMA

A

Code Division Multiple Access; multiple users share frequency.

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15
Q

Chipping Sequence

A

Unique code for each user in CDMA.

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16
Q

Inner Product

A

Mathematical operation used in encoding and decoding.

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17
Q

CSMA/CA

A

Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Avoidance. Protocol to avoid collisions in wireless networks.

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18
Q

Access Point (AP)

A

Device allowing wireless devices to connect to a network.

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19
Q

Basic Service Set (BSS)

A

Group of wireless devices connected to an AP.

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20
Q

SSID

A

Service Set Identifier, name of a wireless network.

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21
Q

2 Methods for Discovering APs

A

Active Scanning: Host sends probe requests
Passive Scanning: Host listens for beacon frames

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22
Q

Collision Avoidance

A

Preventing simultaneous transmissions to avoid data loss.

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23
Q

Collision Detection

A

Difficulty sensing collisions due to signal fading.

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24
Q

RTS-CTS Exchange

A

Mechanism to prevent collisions during data transmission.

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25
DIFS
Distributed Inter-Frame Space before transmission.
26
SIFS
Short Inter-Frame Space for ACK transmission.
27
Backoff Interval
Random time before retransmitting after collision.
28
Beacon Frame
Frame indicating AP presence and waiting messages.
29
Power Management
Node sleeps until next beacon frame arrives.
30
SNR
Signal-to-Noise Ratio affecting transmission quality.
31
BER
Bit Error Rate indicating transmission reliability.
32
Ad Hoc Network
Network without fixed infrastructure.
33
Bluetooth
Personal area network technology for short-range (11-30m indoors) communication.
34
Frame Control
Field indicating frame type in 802.11.
35
Piconet
A small network of Bluetooth devices.
36
Parked Mode
Clients conserve battery by sleeping.
37
Bootstrapping
Nodes self-assemble into a piconet.
38
3GPP
3rd Generation Partnership Project; sets mobile standards.
39
LTE
Long-Term Evolution; a 4G standard.
40
Roaming
Using mobile service outside home network.
41
Edge/Core Distinction
Different layers in network architecture.
42
Interconnected to Wired Internet
Cellular networks connect to the global Internet.
43
4G LTE
Fourth generation mobile communication technology.
44
eNode-B
Base station in LTE networks managing radio resources.
45
PDN Gateway (P-GW)
Gateway connecting mobile network to the internet.
46
Serving Gateway (S-GW)
Data path element between mobile devices and internet.
47
Mobility Management Entity (MME)
Handles device authentication and mobility management.
48
Home Subscriber Service (HSS)
Stores subscriber information for mobile devices.
49
User Equipment (UE)
Device used by the end user to access LTE.
50
Subscriber Identity Module (SIM)
Card storing subscriber identity and authentication data.
51
International Mobile Subscriber Identity (IMSI)
Unique identifier for a mobile subscriber.
52
Radio Access Network (RAN)
Network providing radio access to mobile devices.
53
All-IP Enhanced Packet Core (EPC)
Core network architecture for LTE, supporting all IP traffic.
54
Cell
Coverage area managed by a base station.
55
Tunneling
Encapsulation of data packets for secure transmission.
56
GPRS Tunneling Protocol (GTP)
Protocol for encapsulating data in LTE networks.
57
Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM)
Technique to minimize interference between frequency channels.
58
Packet Data Convergence Protocol
Protocol for header compression and encryption in LTE.
59
Medium Access Control (MAC)
Protocol managing access to the radio transmission medium.
60
Radio Link Control (RLC)
Protocol ensuring reliable data transfer over radio links.
61
Base Station (BS)
Transmits channel info and configurations to mobiles.
62
Mobile Selection
Process of choosing a base station to associate with.
63
Light Sleep Mode vs Deep Sleep Mode
Radio sleeps after 100s ms of inactivity (light) or 5-10 sec (deep).
64
Cell Change in Deep Sleep
Re-establishing association when changing cells.
65
Global Cellular Network
A network composed of interconnected IP networks.
66
Home Subscriber Server (HSS)
Stores user identification and service information.
67
Inter-carrier IPX
Interconnection between different carrier networks.
68
5G Goals
10x bitrate increase, 10x latency decrease, 100x capacity.
69
5G NR (New Radio)
5G technology with millimeter wave frequencies.
70
MIMO
Multiple Input Multiple Output antenna technology.
71
Pico-cells
Cells with diameters of 10-100 meters.
72
Mobility Spectrum
Range of device movement across networks.
73
Indirect Routing
Communication routed through home network to mobile.
74
Direct Routing
Correspondent sends data directly to mobile's foreign address.
75
NAT IP
Network Address Translation IP for private networks.
76
Triangle Routing
Inefficient routing when correspondent and mobile are co-located.
77
Visited Mobility Manager
Registers mobile's location with home HSS.
78
Home Network vs. Visited Network
Home: User's primary network, retains permanent IP.; Visited: Temporary network where mobile connects, uses NAT IP.
79
IMSI
International Mobile Subscriber Identity, unique user identifier.
80
Care-of Address
Temporary address used while roaming in visited networks.
81
Mobile IP
Protocol allowing mobile devices to maintain IP address.
82
Control-Plane Configuration
Setting up signaling paths for mobile devices.
83
Data-Plane Configuration
Establishing data paths for mobile data traffic.
84
Mobile Handover
Switching mobile device connection to a new base station.
85
GTP
GPRS Tunneling Protocol for encapsulating mobile data.
86
Handover Request
Message sent to initiate mobile handover process.
87
Handover Acknowledgment
Response confirming successful handover to new base station.
88
Streaming Server
Server providing continuous data streams to users.
89
Bit Errors
Errors in data transmission due to noise or interference.
90
Congestion Window
TCP parameter controlling data flow based on network capacity.

CS 335 - Computer Networks (7 decks)

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