CH 8

Question 1

Number of bones in the appendicular skeleton

Answer 1

126 (63 on each side of body)

Question 2

Bones of Appendicular Skeleton

Answer 2

• Pectoral girdle (2 each girdle, 4 total)
• Upper limb bones (30 each, 60 total)
• Pelvic girdle (1 each girdle, 2 total)
• Lower limb bones (30 each, 60 total)

Question 3

Pectoral girdle (AKA shoulder girdle) bones

Answer 3

• Clavicle (2)
• Scapula (2)

Question 4

Upper limb bones

Answer 4

• Humerus (2)
• Radius (2)
• Ulna (2)
• Carpals (16)
• Metacarpals (10)
• Phalanges (28)

Question 5

Pelvic girdle bones

Answer 5

Os coxae (2)

Question 6

The os coxae is formed by the fusion of what 3 bones in early adolescence?

Answer 6

Ilium, ischium, and pubis

Question 7

Lower limb bones

Answer 7

• Femur (2)
• Patella (2)
• Tibia (2)
• Fibula (2)
• Tarsals (14)
• Metatarsals (10)
• Phalanges (28)

Question 8

Clavicle

Answer 8

S- shaped bone that articulates medially with the manubrium of the sternum and laterally with the acromion of the scapula

Question 9

Scapula

Answer 9

• Lateral/ axillary border
• Medial/ vertebral border
• Superior border
• Inferior angle
• Superior angle
• Spine
• Acromion process
• Coracoid process
• Subscapular fossa
• Supraspinous fossa
• Infraspinous fossa
• Glenoid cavity/ fossa

Question 10

Humerus

Answer 10

Bone of the brachium (upper arm)

Question 11

Parts of the humerus

Answer 11

• Head
• Greater and lesser tubercle
• Surgical and anatomical necks
• Deltoid tuberosity
• Intertubercular groove/ sulcus
• Coronoid fossa
• Olecranon fossa
• Capitulum
• Trochlea
• Medial and lateral epicondyles

Head faces medially

Question 12

Bone(s) of the antebranchium (forearm)

Answer 12

Radius and ulna

Question 13

Parts of the radius

Answer 13

• Head
• Neck
• Radial tuberosity
• Styloid process
• Ulnar notch

*radius is lateral, ulna is medial

styloid process is lateral, use to determine L/R

look at head to distinguish from ulna or other bones

Question 14

Parts of the ulna

Answer 14

• Olecranon process
• Coronoid process
• Trochlear/semilunar notch
• Radial notch
• Styloid process
• Head

Question 15

Carpus/ carpal bones

Answer 15

Wrist bones

Question 16

How many carpal bones do we have?

Answer 16

8

2 rows (1 proximal, 1 distal) of 4

Question 17

Bones of the carpus

Answer 17

Left to right is lateral to medial (start at thumb)
Proximal row: Sally Left The Party
Distal row: To Take Cathy Home

scaphoid lunate triquetrum pisiform
trapezium trapezoid capitate hamate

Question 18

Metacarpal

Answer 18

Palm bones

Arranged in a row

Numbered 1 to 5 (lateral to medial)

Question 19

Phalange bones

Answer 19

28 phalanges in hands, 28 in feet

Proximal phalanx (10), middle phalanx (8), distal phalanx (10)

In thumb (pollex), no middle phalanx

Question 20

Pelvic girdle

Answer 20

Left and right pelvic bones

Question 21

Articulated pelvis

Answer 21

2 pelvic bones and sacrum

Question 22

Parts of the pelvic/ innominate/ coxal bones

Answer 22

• Ilium
• Ischium
• Pubis
• Acetabulum
• Obturator foramen

Question 23

Ilium parts

Answer 23

• Iliac crest
• Anterior superior iliac spine
• Anterior inferior iliac spine
• Posterior superior iliac spine
• Posterior inferior iliac spine
• Greater sciatic notch
• Iliac fossa
• Auricular surface

Question 24

Ischium

Answer 24

• Ischial tuberosity
• Ischial spine
• Ischial ramus

Question 25

Pubis

Answer 25

- Superior and inferior pubic rami - Pubic crest

Question 26

Articulated pelvis

Answer 26

- Pelvic inlet - Pelvic outlet - Greater/false pelvis - Lesser/true pelvis

Question 27

Male vs Female Pelvis

Answer 27

- Pelvis is the most reliable indicator of sex Differences in orientation of iliac crest, shape of pubic inlet, subpubic angle (pubic arch) Female pelvis is wider (for childbirth), >90 degree pubic angle Also rectangular pubic body, triangular obturator angle, wider greater sciatic notch

Question 28

Femur

Answer 28

Thigh bone

Question 29

Patella

Answer 29

Knee cap

Question 30

Tibia and Fibula

Answer 30

Bones of the crular region (leg)

Question 31

Tarsal

Answer 31

Bones of ankle and proximal foot 7 in each foot

Question 32

Metatarsal

Answer 32

Bones of the sole of the foot 5 in each foot, number 1-5 medial to lateral

Question 33

Phalanges of the foot

Answer 33

14 phalanges per foot in the toes

Question 34

Parts of the femur

Answer 34

- Head - Greater and lesser trochanters - Linea Aspera - Gluteal tuberosity - Medial and lateral condyles - Medial and lateral epicondyles - Intercondylar fossa/ notch Head points medially

Question 35

Tibia

Answer 35

- Medial and lateral condyles - Intercondylar eminence - Tibial tuberosity - Anterior crest - Medial malleus Medial malleus is medial. Anterior crest shows anteriorly. Tibial tuberosity is anterior.

Question 36

Fibula

Answer 36

- Head - Lateral malleolus Head is bigger end

Question 37

Relationship of tibia and fibula

Answer 37

Fibia (thinner bone) lateral Tibia (thicker bone) medial

Question 38

Patella parts

Answer 38

- Apex - pointed part - Base - broad superior border (flat) Rounded part is anterior Apex points down

Question 39

How does the patella articulate?

Answer 39

To the patellar surface of the femur

Question 40

Tarsals/ Tarsus

Answer 40

- Calcaneus- largest, forms heel - Talus - Navicular - Cuboid - Cuneiform- medial, intermediate, and lateral or numbered 1-3 medial to lateral Navicular is medial to cuboid Cuneiform bones most distal of the tarsals

Question 41

Great toe

Answer 41

Hallux

Question 42

Phalanges of foot

Answer 42

14 per foot Metatarsals 2-5 have 3 phalanges: proximal, middle, distal Metatarsal 1 has 2 phalanges: proximal and distal

Question 43

How does the numbering of the metacarpals and metatarsals differ?

Answer 43

Metacarpals numbered lateral to medial Metatarsals are numbered medial to lateral

Question 44

Why is the foot arched?

Answer 44

To prevent pinching of muscles, nerves, and blood vessels

Question 45

3 major foot arches

Answer 45

- Medial - Lateral - Transverse

Question 46

Medial foot arch

Answer 46

from heel to hallux; highest arch

Question 47

Lateral foot arch

Answer 47

from heel to 5th toe; lowest arch

Question 48

Transverse foot arch

Answer 48

perpendicular to other arches; along distal row of tarsals