Ch. 8 - Geriatric Pharm Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Ch. 8 - Geriatric Pharm Deck (30)
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1
Q

Decreased Organ Function –>

A
  • Monitor effect of drug therapy to prevent
  • Risk of adverse reactions
  • Possible drug toxicity
2
Q

GI System (1):

A

Increase: PH gastric secretions

3
Q

GI System (2):

A

Decreased:

- Peristalsis with delayed emptying time
- Motility laxatives
4
Q

Cardiac / Circulatory:

A

Decreased:

- cardiac output 
- Blood flow
5
Q

Hepatic:

A

Decreased:

 - enzyme function 
 - Blood flow
6
Q

Renal:

A

Decreased:

  - blood flow 
  - Functioning nephrons 
  - Glomerular filtration Rate
7
Q

Absorption (1):

A
  1. ) Slowed d/t: blood flow decrease
  2. ) Gi motility decrease
  3. ) Drugs remain in gi tract longer
8
Q

Absorption (2):

A
Acidic drugs poorly absorbed d/t:
 -alkaline gastric secretion increase 
-------------------------------------------------------
Amount of dose absorbed  
-Not affected
9
Q

Distribution (1):

A

Decreased protein binding sites for drugs:

  1. ) Increase amount of free drug in circulation
  2. ) Increase chance for adverse reaction
10
Q

Distribution (2):

A

Loss of body water:
-decreased volume of distribution of water soluble drugs then drugs become more concentrated (not enough volume for drug to be distributed)

11
Q

Distribution (3):

A

Total body fat increased:
-Fat-soluble drugs may be absorbed in fatty tissue and released slowly into bloodstream then decreases in desired drug affect

12
Q

Metabolism (Biotransformation):

A

Decreased blood flow to liver:

  1. ) Decreased ability to metabolize and detoxify drugs
  2. ) Increased risk for drug toxicity
13
Q

Excretion:

A
  1. ) Decreased cardiac output & blood flow throughout circulation
  2. ) Decreased renal functioning
    • drug toxicity more likely
14
Q

Pharmacodynamics:

A
  1. ) Lack of affinity to receptor sites throughout the body

2. ) May experience altered drug response

15
Q

Barriers to Effective Medication Use (1):

A

Sensory losses:

  1. ) Difficulty reading labels
  2. ) Hearing loss
16
Q

Barriers to Effective Medication Use (2):

A

Memory loss:

  1. ) Recent memory loss
  2. ) When to take meds
  3. ) Associate with daily activity
17
Q

Polypharmacy (1):

A

Administration of many drugs together

18
Q

Polypharmacy (2):

A
  1. ) Multiple health care providers
  2. ) Herbal therapy
  3. ) OTC drugs
  4. ) Discontinued Rx meds
19
Q

Polypharmacy (3):

A

At risk for drug-drug interactions

20
Q

Barriers to Effective Medication Use (3):

A

Financial loss:

  1. ) Decreased
  2. ) May not
21
Q

Barriers to Effective Medication Use (4):

A
  1. ) Communication Problems
  2. ) Instructions
  3. ) English/ technical jargon
  4. ) Pride trust awe of profession
22
Q

Assessment (1):

A
  1. ) Disabilities
  2. ) Sensory functioning
  3. ) Home environment
  4. ) Financial concerns
23
Q

Assessment (2):

A

Is client able to open medication bottles

-Easy open caps

24
Q

Implementation (1):

A

Oral meds:

  1. ) Position comfortably
  2. ) Liquid dosage available
  3. ) Don’t rush client
25
Q

Implementation (2):

A

IM injections—Avoid:

  1. ) Deltoid muscle
  2. ) Vastus lateralis muscle (non- ambulatory pts)
26
Q

Implementation (3):

A

IM injections—-Preferred:

  1. ) Dorsogluteal
  2. ) Ventrogluteal
27
Q

Implementation (4):

A

IV administration:

-Watch flow rate to prevent circulatory overload

28
Q

Health Teaching Older Clients (1):

A
  1. ) Glasses hearing aid
  2. ) Speak clearly slowly
  3. ) Short sessions 15-20 min
  4. ) Visual aids
29
Q

Health Teaching Older Clients (2):

A
  1. ) Treat with respect
  2. ) Include family member/ support person
  3. ) Emphasize following Rx orders exactly
  4. ) Discard old expired meds
30
Q

Evaluation:

A
  1. ) “Client sustains no injury from self-administration of medications”
  2. ) “Client is able to verbalize understanding of medication regimen”