Ch. 8 Lec Flashcards by Gail I

have to … a client/… them when you first meet them to understand the form of treatment you will be providing

assess;

diagnose

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assessment:
- …
- …
- …

reliability;
validity;
clinical utility

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assessment:
- reliability: a test that can give us …
- validity: test should measure …

consistent results of a diagnosis;

what it’s supposed to

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assessment:
clinical utility: can improve delivery of services through a … –> therapists can only work within scope of … and practice and must be …

competent licensed professional;
training;
licensed

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have to appreciate … of clients, and understand and know our culture first, as well as what we think/feel and what we like/dislike about our own culture
- if something bothers you about someone else’s culture, you have to look … and figure out what it is that makes you uncomfortable with that culture. May also be an … like racism that you were raised with. Must work with that on your own.

cultural context;
inward;
unconscious force;

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it’s ok to acknowledge …, even openly, with client

cultural differences

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most frequently used tool by psychologist is the …. Involves specific skills and specific behaviors

clinical interview

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(clinical interview - skills and behaviors)
general skills: 
- ...
- being ...
- develop ... (i.e. ...)

quieting yourself;
being self-aware;
positive working relationship; therapeutic rapport

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(clinical interview - skills and behaviors)
general skills - quieting yourself:
- must … when in therapy with client
- can’t allow … to interfere with client –> must focus on client

quiet your mind;

inner voice

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(clinical interview - skills and behaviors)
general skills - being self-aware;
- being aware of one’s own …
- this is partly why therapists should be …
- recognizing how you felt when you were … can help understand how the client is feeling

unique traits;
in therapy as well;
in therapy

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(clinical interview - skills and behaviors)
general skills - being self-aware
- also have to know how we … How do other people generally …? what is it about us that can impact how others …?

affect others;
react to you;
react to us

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(clinical interview - skills and behaviors)
develop positive working relationship
- must be …, … –> this is why therapists …

attentive;
active listener;
take notes (occasional notes)

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(clinical interview - skills and behaviors)
develop positive working relationship:
- have to demonstrate … - trying to feel what client feels
- genuine … - must be … with clients and respect them and their …

respect;
genuine;
culture

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(clinical interview - skills and behaviors)
specific behaviors: 
- ... 
- ... 
- ... 
- ...

eye contact;
body language;
vocal qualities;
verbal tracking

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(clinical interview - skills and behaviors)
specific behaviors - eye contact:
- some cultures view eye contact as a sign of …
- it’s ok if client doesn’t want to …
- eye contacts shows that we are …

disrespect;
look them in the eye;
listening

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(clinical interview - skills and behaviors)
specific behaviors - eye contact:
- if it’s not cultural, lack of eye contact can be due to …/…, they could be on … (specifically …)

embarrassment/shame;
autism spectrum;
Asperger’s

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(clinical interview - skills and behaviors)
specific behaviors - body language:
- …
- appearing …
- using appropriate …
- therapists can … too (can’t deny …)

facing client; 
attentive; 
facial expressions; 
express their emotions; 
humanity

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(clinical interview - skills and behaviors)
specific behaviors - vocal qualities:
- how our words …
- … is calming

sound to the client;

quiet talking

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(clinical interview - skills and behaviors)
specific behaviors - vocal qualities:
- sometimes clients yell/escalate - responding in a … fashion can be helpful
- clients may be sensitive to …
- want to have a …/… voice when talking to them

quieter;
loud talking;
calm/soothing

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(clinical interview - skills and behaviors)
specific behaviors - verbal tracking:
- shows client that we are following …
- … what client says - don’t …, though

their train of though;
paraphrase;
mechanically repeat

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components of the interview:

….
…

rapport;

technique

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(components of the interview)

rapport:
- relationship with clients –> should be …, …, characterized by …/….

positive;
calming;
trust/genuineness

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(components of the interview)

rapport:
- relationship with clients –> extremely important for …
- therapist must …

positive therapeutic outcomes;

create that therapeutic relationshp

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(components of the interview)

rapport:
- good rapport = … and need to connect with clients in a …

good connection;

positive way

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(components of the interview) how to build rapport?: - need to put client .... --> openly recognize if they're showing signs of ... - can acknowledge ... of the situation

at ease; distress; weirdness

(components of the interview) how to build rapport?: - can acknowledge weirdness of situation --> e.g. clients getting uneasy when asked about sexual abuse, therapist can say "this question seems very uncomfortable for you and we don't have to answer it right now" --> recognizing ... of situation - pay attention to how client ... as well

uniqueness; | uses language

(components of the interview) how to build rapport?: pay attention to how client uses language as well -... as best we can - can't use ... with clients - follow their lead - it's ok to acknowledge if you don't ... (e.g. if they're using slange, pop culture references, etc) --> can ask for ...

speak their language; psychological jargon; know what they mean; clarification

(components of the interview) technique: - what we do with client - ... vs ... styles

directive; | nondirective

(components of the interview) technique: - directive: asks clients specifically ... --> questions that are ...

yes or no questions; | closed-ended

(components of the interview) technique: nondirective: allows clients to .... --> questions that are ...

determine the course of the interview; | open-ended

(specific interview responses): - ... vs ... questions - .... - ....

open ended; closed ended; clarification; confrontation

(specific interview responses): - ... - ... - ...

paraphrasing; reflection of feeling; summarizing

(specific interview responses): open ended vs closed ended questions: - open ended = ... --> allow for ..., ... responses

nondirective; | individualized; spontaneous

(specific interview responses): open ended qs: - can use these to ask some questions in a more ... way (e.g. instead of asking if you have delusions/hallucinations, can ask do you see/hear other things that other people don't) closed ended qs = ... --> less ...., less ...

"user-friendly"; elaboration; self-expression

(specific interview responses): clarification: - have to make sure we understand what the client is saying, that we have an accurate understanding of their ... and ... - can ask them to ... if there's a missing gap with anything too

comments; experiences; | clarify

(specific interview responses): confrontation: - when clients either ... or ... - confronting ....

lie to you; contradict themselves; contradictory info

(specific interview responses): paraphrasing: - not used to .../... - communicates to clients that we ....

new ground; get new ideas; | understand what they are saying

(specific interview responses): paraphrasing: - ..., not ..., what they said - helps build ...

summarizing; repeating; positive working relationship

(specific interview responses): reflection of feeling: - reflects feelings of their ... - "you seem angry. did you recognize that you were angry?" --> some people don't ...

emotions; | recognize their emotions

(specific interview responses): summarizing: - tying everything together and talking about ... - typically happens at ...

what you want to follow up with; | end of session

pragmatics of the interview: - ... - .... and ... - the ... - ...

note-taking; audio; video recording; interview room; confidentiality

pragmatics of the interview: note-taking: - depends on therapist --> some remember everything, some .... - taking notes profusely the whole time can be a ...; might make you miss ... if not looking at client - others write ... until session is over

write a lot; barrier; nonverbal cues; nothing

``` pragmatics of the interview: audio and video-recording: - generally, you don't do this - if you have to record, which is usually only for ..., must get ... from client and you have to explain to them what the recording is being used for - afterward, have to ... ```

training purpose; written permission; destroy the recording

pragmatics of the interview: audio and video-recording: - being recorded might cause .... - someone acting differently bc they know they're being watched --> can hinder client's ... and willingness to ...

reactivity; openness; disclose certain info

``` pragmatics of the interview: the interview room: - must strike a balance between ... and ... - earth tones/warm, ... tones on wall - not too many ..., etc ```

professional formality; casual comfort; neutral; pictures

pragmatics of the interview: the interview room: - don't want to have ... in office --> these can interfere with therapy and may make the client ...

personal things; | uncomfortable

pragmatics of the interview: confidentiality --> have to inform clients of this - explaining that confidentiality will be broken if they're .../..., .../...

abusing someone/being abused; | suicidal/homicidal

pragmatics of the interview: confidentiality: explaining that confidentiality will be broken if they're abusing someone/being abused, suicidal/homicidal: - but also explaining that having ... is normal and talking about it is ok --> it's about having the ... and ...

suicidal/homicidal thoughts; intent; means to do so

pragmatics of the interview: confidentiality - but also explaining that having suicidal/homicidal thoughts is normal and talking about it is ok - it's about having the intent and means to do so (i.e. when ideations become ..., there's a ... and a ...)

too serious; plan; means to do it

types of interviews: - ... interview - ... interview - ... vs ... interviews - ... - ... interview

``` intake; diagnostic; structured; unstructured; mental status exam; crisis interview ```

(types of interviews) intake interview: - determine if client needs ... and which is best based on diagnosis - sometimes patients may need to be ...

treatment; | committed

(types of interviews) intake interview: sometimes patients may need to be committed: - not only for ..., but also for .../... - determining if they're appropriate to be in ... or if they need to be in ...

suicidality; severe drugs/alcohol problems; office; hospital

``` (types of interviews) diagnostic interview: - includes questions related to .... - determines ... - diagnostic and intake interview are ... bc intake interview is what you use to ... ```

criteria of diagnoses; diagnosis; interchangeable; form diagnosis

(types of interviews) structured interviews: - for ... purposes - ... set of questions - give us a ... which can be reliable (i.e. two different therapists would arrive at the same one) - give cue to further explore things along a diagnosis

diagnostic; pre-determined; diagnosis;

``` (types of interviews) unstructured interviews: - can use ... - no ... - interviewer decides ... ```

improvisation; set questions; what's relevant

``` (types of interviews) mental status exam: - mostly used in ... settings - quickly assess how client is ... at the time of evaluation - like a ... ```

medical; functioning; quick mental snapshot

(types of interviews) mental status exam: - doesn't give you a ... - just to ensure that they are ... --> ..., ..., ...

diagnosis; oriented x 3; time; place; person

(types of interviews) mental status exam: - paying attention to ... - ...

facial affect; | general mood

(types of interviews) - how's their speech - do they speak ..., ..., etc - testing ... (e.g. what year did you graduate hs?) - judgment/insight into their ...

too fast; too slow; memory; problems

(types of interviews) crisis interview: - things that need ..., like ... - get ....

immediate intervention; suicide; a lot of info really quick

``` (types of interviews) crisis interview: - assessing how ... someone is, for instance - more depression = higher risk of ... - talking about/processing ... ```

depressed; suicide; suicidal ideation

(types of interviews) crisis inteview: - how ... do they think of suicide/how ... are the thoughts - how much ... does the client have. are they very ...?

frequently; intense; self-control; impulsive

(types of interviews) crisis interview: - looking if client has definite ... or ... --> are they preparing for .../preparing to ...

suicidal; homicidal intentions; death; kill someone