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Ch. 8 (sex, gender, sexuality) - Final Flashcards

(26 cards)

1
Q

sex

A

the biological or genetic differences between males and females

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2
Q

sexual dimorphism

A

The physiological differences between men and women

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3
Q

gender

A

the way members of the two sexes are perceived, evaluated and expected to behave

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4
Q

masculinity

A

social definition of maleness (Mead’s study: “Sex and Temperament”)

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5
Q

femininity

A

social definition of femininity (Mead’s study: “Sex and Temperament”)

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6
Q

transgender

A

change of sex

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7
Q

androgyny

A

combo of male and female characteristics

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8
Q

gender indentity

A

which gender one associates with

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9
Q

gender pluralism

A

multiple categories of femininity, masculinity, androgyny - ALL are tolerated

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10
Q

third/fourth gender categories

A
  • two-spirits (First Nations/Native American - ie. winkte (lakota)
  • hijra (India)
  • kathoey (Thailand)
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11
Q

sexuality

A

sexual practices of humans, varying widely from culture to culture

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12
Q

sexual orientation

A
  • heterosexual

- homosexual

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13
Q

asexual

A

no sexual feelings or desires

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14
Q

gender roles

A

some are rigid, some cultures overlap (ie. hunting (men), cooking (women), child care (women)

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15
Q

gender stratification

A

Ranking according to gender

  • subordinate women in East Africa (pastoral)
  • egalitarian in Ju/’hoansi
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16
Q

male dominance and sexual asymmtry

A

Men tend to be in a position of dominance

17
Q

feminization of poverty

A

high proportion of women are living in poverty

18
Q

gender inequality

A

refers to unequal treatment or perceptions of individuals based on their gender.
- differences in socially constructed gender roles as well as - biologically through chromosomes, brain structure, and hormonal differences.

19
Q

Gender Empowerment Measure (UNDP)

A

composite indicator that captures gender inequality in three key areas:

  1. the extent of women’s political participation and decision-making
  2. economic participation and decision making-power and 3. the power exerted by women over economic resources.
20
Q

double workload

A

women are working jobs and running a household

21
Q

occupational segregration

A

predominance of one gender in certain occuptions

22
Q

gender ideology

A

system of thoughts and values that legitimize gender roles, statuses and behaviour

23
Q

males gender bias

A

(gender ideology)

preference of having sons in some societies

24
Q

female infanticide

A

(gender ideology)

killing female children

25
Areas of gender disparity
1. education 2. employment 3. reproductive health 4. vulnerability to HIV/AIDS 5. Finance
26
Reproductive health
- decision making and controls and multiple levels: family/domestic, state (gov. policies), global (int. programmes) - fertility control (traditional vs. chemical)