ch 88 highlights Flashcards by Brittany Blackston

impetigo is caused by

staph

strep

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treat impetigo with

mupirocin

altabax

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mupirocin comes in

ointment

cream - more expensive

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treat inoculation of MRSA

intranasal mupirocin (same as the treatment of impetigo)

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drugs for hair loss

Minoxidil ( topical)

Finasteride (BPH)

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what formulations of Minoxidil are available and for what gender

2% solution (generic) - women
5% solution (Rogaine Extra Strength for Men)
5% foam (Rogaine mens extra strength)

apply to scalp twice a day

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what was finasteride and Minoxidil originally developed for

Minoxidil - hypertension

Finasteride - BPH

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Finasteride in pregnancy?

teratogen that can cause genitourinary abnormalities in males exposed to the drug in utero

Not in pregnancy
Also they should not handle the tablets that are crushed or broken

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seborrheic Dermatitis and Dandruff is caused by

a microbe in the yeast family

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drug for Seborrheic Dermatitis and Dandruff

Ketoconazole

2% foam (Extina) - applied BID for 4 weeks
2% gel (Xolegel) - applied daily for 2 weeks

1% and 2% shampoos (Nizoral) - periodic maintenance also with Head and Shoulders - pyrithione zinc
or selenium sulfide (Selsun Blue and Head and Shoulders intensive)

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Botox should be avoided in people ages

65 and older because it is unlikely to help:
in older people, the major cause of lines and wrinkles is loss of elasticity in the skin - cannot be reversed by neuromuscular blockade

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over time, with botox, some patients develop

antibodies against botulinum toxin type A which produces a reduction in the botox benefits

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Botox and uses

There is botox and botox cosmetic which is the same

Also used for strabismus, hyperhidrosis, migraine headache prophylaxis

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med for unwanted facial hair

Eflornithine (Vaniqua) - benefits developed slowly over 4-8 weeks. It slows hair growth, causes it to be finer and lighter and decrease. Does not eliminate it and effects are not permanent. Requires continuous treatment

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adverse effects of Botox injections

headache, facial pain, swelling, bruising reduced by applying ice to the site and avoiding alcohol, vit E and ASA and other NSAIDS for the week before treatment

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Best protection from venereal warts is

prevention
HPV vaccine (Gardasil 9)

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how is genital warts removed

topical drugs
cryotherapy

electrodessication
laser surgery
conventional surgery

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drugs that are provider applied for venereal warts

Podophyllin
Trichloroaceitic acid (TCA)
Bichloroaceitic acid (BCA)

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drugs for home application for venereal warts

podofilox
imiquimod
kunecatechins

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can you use Podofilox in pregnancy

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1st line for eczema

moisturizers and topical glucocorticoids

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topical immunosuppressants for eczema

tacrolimus (Protopic) and pimecrolimus(Elidel) (second line)

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what ointment is approved for use in young children for atopic dermatitis (eczema)

Crisaborole 2% ointment (Eucrisa)

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ages for Tacrolimus (Protopic)

older than 2 years old

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Tacrolimus does not cause ______ like glucocorticoids

thinning of skin

organic sunscreen is known as ____screens

chemical

inorganic sunscreens is known as ____screens

physical

Organic sunscreen does what

absorb UV radiation and then dissipate it as heat

Inorganic sunscreen does what

scatter UV radiation

Organic screens absorb ____, but only 6 absorb ___

UVB, UVA

only two agents are employed as physical screens

titanium dioxide and zinc oxide

broad spectrum sunscreen

protect against UVA and UVB

all sunscreens protect against

UVB

iPLEDGE

Prescribers must register with iPLEDGE and agree to follow key points to prescribe Isotretinoin (Accutane)

Isotretinoin (Accutane) is a derivative of

Vit A

adverse effects of Accutane

Not for pregnancy dryness or itching of skin, nose, mouth Skin may become sensitized to UV light, pancreatitis hearing impairment decreased bone mineral density depression with SI

what hormonal agents approved for acne treatment have increased risk of blood clots

Beyaz and Yaz

what contraceptives ae approved for acne in women

Estrostep ortho-tri-cyclen beyaz yaz

guidelines to prescribe contraceptives for acne

must be 15years old who want contraception, have reached menarche and not responded to topical drugs. may take 6 mos or more to improve

diuretic for acne treatment

Spironolactone (Aldactone)

risk for using spironolactone for acne

hyper k

dont use steroids on

groin | face

effects of topical glucosteroids

thinning of skin

does the concentration of topical glucocorticoids tell you the potency?

oral abx used to treat moderate to severe acne

Doxycycline and Minocycline

use of abx for acne

benefits develop slowly | give 3 months then d/c and switch to topical

Keratolytic agents - what do they do

promote shedding of the outermost layer of epidermal skin cells

keratolytic drugs used to treat acne

benzoyl peroxide

Azelaic acid is used for

rosacea

salicylic acid is used for

acne

ointment are not good for

weeping oozing skin or areas that sweat alot

lotions and gels

hairy, oily, large areas | may decrease oilyness

gels are better for

face and they dry clear

steroids cant be covered bc

it increases absorption so you can have systemic effects

benzoly peroxide cannot be used in what population

asthmatics

combining dapsone with benzoyl peroxide

can turn the skin yellow or orange

organic sunscreen that provides full range UV protection

Avobenzone

most effective at treating recent hair loss

Minoxidil

If topical glucocorticoids fail to treat eczema without causing skin atrophy and hypopigmentation

topical immunosuppressants may be used

Botox wears off in

3-6 mos

for salicylic acid peeling and drying are

not desired effects

symptom of systemic tox for salicylic acid

tinnitis

SPF 15 blocks ___ of UVB

93% (highly protective for SPF of 15 or higher)

Triamcinolone acetonide is a

glucocorticoid

Tretinoin is a

Retinoid

Tretinoin and sun

makes more susceptible to sunburn

Before applying Retin-A

Wash skin towel dry allow to dry 15-30 min apply once daily

Trentinoin and wrinkles

used for fine wrinkles not course or sun damage 6 mos to start to see results

While taking accutane - drug interaction

no tetracycline | no acohol

pregnancy tests and Accutane

2 preg tests to start therapy | 1 preg test to refill

initial treatment severe acne

Doxycycline and Retin -A

high permeable area

``` axilla face eyelids neck perineum genitalia ```

low permeable area

palms | soles

inflamed skin increases or decreases absorption

increases

will an occlusive dressing decrease or increase absorption

increase

long term topical glucocorticoids can cause

atrophy of dermis and epidermis thinning of skin long term induce acne and hypertrichosis (excessive hair)

salicylic acid adverse effects

tinnitus hyperpnea psychologic disturbances

microbe involved in acne

propionibacterium acnes

antiacne drugs and kids

not for younger than 12 Atralin - which is a tretinoin gel for 10 and older dont give BC to kiddies

what preferred for pregnant in antiacne

Benzoyl peroxide and topical salicylic acid

excretion of systemic sulfonamides in breast milk can cause

kernicterus in breastfed neonates

what meds can increase side effects of Accutane

Tetracyclines | Vit A

abx of choice for acne alternatives are

Doxycycline and minocycline tetracycline and erythromycin

with Salicylic acid monitor for s/s

Salicylism hyperpnea, tinnitis, n/v mental status changes

what part of Birth control is helpful in acne

estrogen

how long does it take for birth control to help with acne

6 months

organic sunscreens ____ UV radiation and then dissipate it as heat inorganic screens ___ UV radiation

absorb scatter

only 2 agents are employed as physical screens

titanium dioxide | zinc oxide

Products that protects against UVA and UVB are labeled

broad spectrum

Sunscreens only retain SPF after ___ min of water exposure

40 unless labeled for 80

avoid sun exposure between what hours

10am-4pm

sunscreen containing PABA should be applied how far in advance

2 hours

first line for dermatitis (exzema)

moisturizers and topical glucocorticoids

topical immunosuppressants approved for dermatitis eczema) - second line for those who dont respond to the glucocorticoids

Tacrolimus | pimecrolimus

tacrolimus for dermatitis doesnt cause what does it cause

thinning of skin, well tolerated but in children increases risk for varicella zoster cancer risk

phsophodiesterase 4 for dermatitis

novel agent inhibits PDE4 can be used in younger children - burning and stinging at site side effect

impetigo pathogens

S. aureus | Strep pyogenes

impetigo is treated with

mupirocin topical

which drug formulation is the highest absorption

ointment

which drug formulation can be used for oily hairy skin

lotion

which drug formulation is good for face

gel

which drug formulation is good for dry and sensitive skin

cream

St Johs with Dig will

decrease dig level

SSRI, MAO, TCA and St johns | worry about

serotonin syndrome

if someone needs to be treated for osteoporosis with a familial history of breast cancer - what drug

Evesta

ch 88 highlights Flashcards

(105 cards)