Ch 9

Question 1

State the general function of all muscle tissue

Question 2

State the meaning of the prefixes myo-, mys- and Sarco

Question 3

List the 4 special characteristics of muscle tissue that allow it to function

Question 4

List the 4 functions of muscle tissue

Question 5

State the reason a skeletal muscle is considered an organ

Question 6

Describe the nerve and blood supply of skeletal muscle

Question 7

Describe the Superficial fascia connective tissue components to include function and tissue

Question 8

Describe the Deep fascia connective tissue components to include function and tissue

Question 9

Describe the Epimysium connective tissue components to include function and tissue

Question 10

Describe the Perimysium connective tissue components to include function and tissue

Question 11

Describe the Fascicles connective tissue components to include function and tissue

Question 12

Describe the Endomysium connective tissue components to include function and tissue

Question 13

Know the differences between direst and indirect(Tendons and Aponeurosis) types of muscle attachment

Question 14

Describe the microscopic anatomy of a skeletal muscle fiber. Include the following components:
Sarcolemma, Sarcoplasm, Myoglobin, Glycosomes, and Myofibrils

Question 15

Describe the structure of a myofibril

Question 16

Define Sarcomere

Question 17

Define Z disc

Question 18

Define A band

Question 19

Define I band

Question 20

Define H zone

Question 21

Define M line

Question 22

Identify the contractile proteins of a sarcomere. State the location and function

Question 23

Identify the regulatory proteins of a sarcomere. State the location and function.

Question 24

Identify the structural proteins of a sarcomere. State the location and function

Question 25

Describe the functional components of a thick filament to include the following: Myosin, ATPase, Motor protein, and Cross-bridges

Question 26

Describe the functional components of actin thin filament to include the following: G-actin, Myosin-binding site, Tropomyosin, and Troponin

Question 27

Identify the two types of intracellular tubules found in association with the sarcomeres

Question 28

State the specific purpose of the sarcoplasmic reticulum

Question 29

State the specific purpose of the T-tubules

Question 30

What is a triad? State the function.

Question 31

What is the sliding filament model of contraction?

Question 32

What 3 events must take place before sliding filaments can begin?

Question 33

Describe the neuromuscular junction.

Question 34

Define and locate Synapse

Question 35

Define and locate Neurotransmitter

Question 36

Define and locate Synaptic cleft

Question 37

Define and locate Synaptic vesicles

Question 38

Define and locate Acetylcholine

Question 39

Define and locate Motor end pate

Question 40

Define and locate Acetylcholine receptors

Question 41

Define polarized membrane

Question 42

Define Depolarization

Question 43

Define Repolarization

Question 44

State the events occurring at the neuromuscular junction prior to generation of the action potential

Question 45

What is an action potential?

Question 46

What are the 3 steps involved in an action potential

Question 47

What is the refractory period and when does it occur

Question 48

What is excitation-contraction coupling? When does it occur

Question 49

What are the steps of excitation-contraction coupling

Question 50

What are the 4 steps of the sliding filament contraction cycle

Question 51

Define Muscle tension

Answer 51

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Question 52

Define Load

Question 53

Define isotonic contraction

Question 54

Define Isometric contraction

Question 55

Define Myogram

Question 56

Define Motor unit

Question 57

Define Muscle twitch

Question 58

Name the 3 phases of a twitch myogram and state the physiology that takes place

Question 59

How is a graded muscle response different from a muscle twitch

Question 60

Define wave summation. What is the primary purpose of wave summation

Question 61

Describe the difference between unfused (incomplete) tetanus and fused (complete) tetanus

Question 62

What is muscle tone

Question 63

Identify four sources of energy (ATP) for muscle contractions. Know the order of usage, location, time for effectiveness and if it is aerobic or anaerobic

Question 64

Define muscle fatigue. What are possible causes

Question 65

Name 4 factors that contribute to the force of muscle contraction.

Question 66

Name 3 factors that contribute to the speed and duration of muscle contraction

Question 67

Identify the three types of skeletal muscle fibers. Compare the structure and function of each

Question 68

Explain how muscles adapt to aerobic (endurance) exercise

Question 69

Explain how muscles adapt to resistance exercise

Question 70

Describe smooth muscle cells. Include connective tissues

Question 71

Know the basic arrangements of smooth muscle cells and how contraction impacts the organs

Question 72

Define Peristalsis and state their significance for smooth muscle function

Question 73

Define Varicosities and state their significance for smooth muscle function

Question 74

Define Diffuse junctions and state their significance for smooth muscle function

Question 75

Define Caveolae and state their significance for smooth muscle function

Question 76

Know the following unique facts about smooth muscle: Ca+2 binding regulatory protein – Dense body network-

Question 77

Know how Excitation-Contraction Coupling for smooth muscles is different from skeletal muscle

Question 78

Know and explain the 3 ways in which smooth muscle can be stimulated to contraction: Neural, Chemical(Hormonal and local chemicals), and Stretch

Question 79

Identify the type of smooth muscle that is most common and know where is it found

Question 80

Know the 4 major characteristics of visceral muscle (unitary)

Question 81

Where can multi-unit smooth muscle be found

Question 82

How is multi-unit different from unitary smooth muscle

Question 83

Know Body location, Cell shape, sarcomeres, T-Tubules, Gap junctions, Nerve synapse, Contraction regulated, Ca+2 regulation, pacemaker, and Contraction speed of Skeletal muscle

Question 84

Know Body location, Cell shape, sarcomeres, T-Tubules, Gap junctions, Nerve synapse, Contraction regulated, Ca+2 regulation, pacemaker, and Contraction speed of Cardiac muscle

Question 85

Know Body location, Cell shape, sarcomeres, T-Tubules, Gap junctions, Nerve synapse, Contraction regulated, Ca+2 regulation, pacemaker, and Contraction speed of Smooth muscle

Question 86

Describe the Myasthenia gravis muscle disorders and know the cause

Question 87

Describe the Muscular dystrophy muscle disorders and know the cause

Question 88

Describe the Fibromyalgia muscle disorders and know the cause