Ch. 9 - Eating Disorders

Question 1

% of women who meet qualifications for anorexia nervosa

Answer 1

0.5-3.7%

Question 2

% of women who meet criteria for bulimia nervosa

Answer 2

1.1 - 4.2%

Question 3

% women who meet criteria for binge eating disorder

Answer 3

2-5%

Question 4

% of those diagnosed with AN and BN who are males

Answer 4

5-15%

Question 5

% of those diagnosed with BED who are males

Answer 5

35%

Question 6

Non-binary individuals

Answer 6

• recent studies show a higher prevalence rate (3x) than gender binary individuals (female sex at birth have higher risk) (trans individuals have 4x risk)
• eating disorder is coping mechanism

Question 7

% onset by age 20

Answer 7

86%

Question 8

age 9

Answer 8

31% girls fear becoming overweight

Question 9

age 15

Answer 9

81% fear

Question 10

Sub-clinical syptoms

Answer 10

have some symptoms but don’t meet criteria

Question 11

normative discontent

Answer 11

it’s normal to be discontent with appearance

Question 12

% women who overestimate size

Answer 12

95%

Question 13

% women who find fault

Answer 13

85%

Question 14

how much is spent annually on items focused on weight loss

Answer 14

33-55 billion

Question 15

Anorexia Nervosa DSM-5 criteria

Answer 15

1. refusal to maintain 85% body weight
2. intense fear of weight gain
3. body distortions
4. amenhorrea 3 or more cycles

Question 16

eating disorders

Answer 16

obsessed with food, develop for a reason (to solve a problem)

Question 17

body disortions

Answer 17

believe they look different than they actually do

Question 18

amenhorrea

Answer 18

no period

Question 19

warning signs of anorexia nervosa (not listed symptoms)

Answer 19

1. excessive weight loss
2. pursuit of thinness
3. disorted body image
4. hyperactivity, exercise
5. intense fear of weight
6. food habits/preoccupation
7. depression, social isolation
8. high control needs

Question 20

excessive weight loss

Answer 20

hide food

Question 21

pursuit of thinness

Answer 21

the more ppl link weightloss to happiness, no set goal

Question 22

disorted body image

Answer 22

frontal lobe not working (lack of nutrients)

Question 23

hyperactivity, exercise

Answer 23

have as much energy as everyone else

Question 24

intense fear of weight

Answer 24

live on scale, will call in sick

Question 25

depression, social isolation

Answer 25

fear they'll lose control

Question 26

anorexia nervosa cycle

Answer 26

drive for thin > starve > food preoccupation > anxiety (fear they'll lose control, reinforces drive for thinness) > starve > drive for thin

Question 27

Bulimia Nervosa DSM-5 Criteria

Answer 27

1. recurrent binge eating 2. feeling of a lack of control over eating 3. purging (vomiting, laxatives) 4. overconcern w/ shape/weight

Question 28

recurrent binge eating

Answer 28

2x wk for 3 months

Question 29

feeling of lack of control over eating

Answer 29

don't stop eating when full - emotional need

Question 30

Warning signs of bulimia nervosa

Answer 30

1. eating in secrecy 2. isolation after meals 3. weight fluctuations 4. store of laxatives, water pills 5. 2,000-50,000 cals)

Question 31

store of laxatives/water pills

Answer 31

ineffective way of shedding weight bc only lose 10% of calories - vomiting: retain 25% of calories

Question 32

bulimia nervosa cycle

Answer 32

frustration/binge > relief > fear wt. gain > self-hating > vomit/purge > resolve to fast > hunger/deprive > frustration/binge

Question 33

how does bulimia usually begin

Answer 33

with a binge to deal with stress - typically grow up with food as comfort (ex. parents give candy) - bulimia more common than anorexia

Question 34

2011 study

Answer 34

50% college students reported binging 6% reported trying to vomiting 8% reported laxatives - some were suggested by a friend

Question 35

Binge eating disorder

Answer 35

(harder to identify bc lack of physical symptoms) - cycles of eating and depression - use food to cope with emotions

Question 36

binge-eating disorder cycle

Answer 36

depression > binge to relieve pain > guilt and depression > resolve to stop > depression

Question 37

risk factors

Answer 37

1. sociocultural 2. family 3. cognitive 4. biological

Question 38

sociocultural

Answer 38

glorify thinness, climate of rejectionism - no longer unique to western societies, growing influence in other societies - rise of wealth and consumerism

Question 39

family

Answer 39

enmeshed (overinvolved), negative feelings are discouraged, lack of boundaries, insecure attachment style

Question 40

cognitive

Answer 40

lack self regulation of emotions, poor self other boundaries, obsessiveness and perfectionism

Question 41

biological

Answer 41

genetic predisposition - bulimia: low serotonin - anorexia: low dopamine and serotonin

Question 42

treatment

Answer 42

treat symptoms through cognitive behavioral treatment - medical intervention: weight gain, meds (antidepressants or antipsychotics) - intense, treat underlying problem, family or individual