Ch 9: Nail Structure & Growth

Question 1

A normal, healthy nail surface is _____.

Answer 1

shiny and smooth

Question 2

The portion of the living skin that supports the nail plate as it grows toward the free edge is called the _____.

Answer 2

nail bed

Question 3

The _____ is the whitish, half-moon shape underneath the base of the nail.

Answer 3

lunula

Question 4

The part of the nail plate that extends over the tip of the finger or toe is the _____.

Answer 4

free edge

Question 5

A _____ is a tough band of fibrous tissue that connects bones or holds an organ in place.

Answer 5

ligment

Question 6

The _____ is the fold of skin overlapping the side of the nail.

Answer 6

sidewall

Question 7

As long as the _____ is nourished and healthy, new nail plate cells will be created.

Answer 7

matrix

Question 8

Ordinarily, replacement of a natural fingernail takes about _____.

Answer 8

four to six months

Question 9

The nail growth rate on the _____ is typically the slowest.

Answer 9

thumb

Question 10

The nail has a water content between _____.

Answer 10

15-25 percent

Question 11

The natural nail is an appendage of the _____.

Answer 11

skin

Question 12

The appearance of the nails can reflect the general health of the _____.

Answer 12

body

Question 13

The _____ is relatively porous and will allow water to pass through it.

Answer 13

nail plate

Question 14

The matrix contains _____.

Answer 14

nerves, lymph, and blood vessels

Question 15

Tissue that adheres directly to the natural nail plate but which can be removed with gentle scraping is the _____.

Answer 15

cuticle

Question 16

Cosmetologists are allowed to gently _____ the eponychium.

Answer 16

push back

Question 17

Cuticle moisturizers, softeners, and conditioners are actually designed for the eponychium, _____, and hyponychium.

Answer 17

lateral sidewalls

Question 18

Toenails are thicker than fingernails because the _____ of the toenails is longer than that of the fingernail.

Answer 18

matrix

Question 19

Unlike healthy hair, healthy nails are not _____ periodically.

Answer 19

shed

Question 20

It takes about _____ for toenails to be fully replaced

Answer 20

9-12 months

Question 21

The living skin at the base of the natural nail plate covering the matrix area is the _____.

Answer 21

eponychium

Question 22

The thin layer of tissue that attaches the nail plate and the nail bed is the _____.

Answer 22

bed epithelium

Question 23

The slightly thickened layer of skin under the nail that lies between the fingertip and the free edge of the nail plate is the _____.

Answer 23

hyponychium

Question 24

The dead, colorless tissue attached to the natural nail plate is known as the nail _____.

Answer 24

cuticle

Question 25

The _____ is the area where the nail plate cells are formed.

Answer 25

matrix