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HIT 135 Med Term > Ch 9.3 Disorders of the Brain and Cranial Nerves > Flashcards

Ch 9.3 Disorders of the Brain and Cranial Nerves Flashcards

1
Q

common form of dementia; brain tissue has protein clumps and tangles

A

Alzheimer disease

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2
Q

process of acquiring knowledge through thinking, learning, and memory

A

cognition
cognitive (adj)
Latin knowledge

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3
Q

mental state in which environmental stimuli are not processed appropriately

A

confus-ion

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4
Q

cognit

A

thinking

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5
Q

-ive

A

nature of, quality of, pertaining to

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6
Q

confus

A

bewildered

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7
Q

-ion

A

action, condition

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8
Q

Having present knowledge of oneself and one’s surroundings

A

conscious

Latin to be aware

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9
Q

not conscious; lacking awareness

A

un-concious

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10
Q

un-

A

not

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11
Q

conscious

A

aware

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12
Q

-ness

A

quality, state

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13
Q

acute altered state of consciousness with agitation and disorientation; condition is reversible

A

deliri-um

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14
Q

-um

A

structure

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15
Q

deliri

A

confusion, disorientation

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16
Q

chronic, progressive, irreversible loss of the mind’s cognitive and intellectual functions

A

de-ment-ia

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17
Q

de-

A

without

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18
Q

ment

A

mind

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19
Q

-ia

A

condition

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20
Q

ability to place yourself into the feelings, emotions, and reactions of another person

A

em-pathy

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21
Q

em-

A

into

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22
Q

pathy

A

disease

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23
Q

appreciation and concern for another person’s mental and emotional state

A

sym-pathy

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24
Q

sym-

A

together

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25
Q

Alzheimer affects _% of the population over 65 and _% of the population over 85

A

10%; 50%

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26
Q

most common form of dementia

A

Alzheimer disease

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27
Q

second most common form of dementia

A

vascular dementia; can occur suddenly after a stroke

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28
Q

other causes of dementia

A 
reactions to medications
metabolic abnormalities
nutritional deficiencies
emotional problems
infections
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29
Q

More than _% of people who have a TIA will have a stroke within three months

A

10%

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30
Q

AVM

A

arteriovenous malformation

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31
Q

CVA

A

cerebrovascular accident

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32
Q

TIA

A

transient ischemic attack

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33
Q

circumscribed dilation of an artery or cardiac chamber

A

aneurysm
aneurysmal (adj)
Greek dilation

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34
Q

an abnormal communication between an artery and a vein

A

AVM- arteriovenous malformation
arteri/o-ven-ous
mal-format-ion

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35
Q

arteri/o

A

artery

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36
Q

ven

A

vein

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37
Q

mal-

A

bad

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38
Q

format

A

to form

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39
Q

acute clinical event caused by an impaired cerebral circulation

A

CVA- cerebrovascular accident a.k.a. stroke

cerebr/o-vascul-ar

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40
Q

weakness of one side of the body

A

hemi-paresis

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41
Q

hemi-

A

half

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42
Q

paresis

A

weakness

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43
Q

paralysis of one side of the body

A

hemi-pleg-ia

hemiplegic (adj)

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44
Q

pleg

A

paralysis

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45
Q

disease of the capillaries

A

micro-angi/o-pathy

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46
Q

micro-

A

small

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47
Q

angi/o

A

blood vessel

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48
Q

-pathy

A

disease

49
Q

two types of strokes

A

Ischemic stroke

Hemorrhagic stroke

50
Q

another name for hemorrhagic stroke

A

intercranial hemorrhage

51
Q

__ accounts for 90% of all strokes

A

ischemic strokes

52
Q

plaque in the wall of a cerebral artery

A

atherosclerosis

53
Q

blood clot in a cerebral artery originating from elsewhere in the body

A

embolism

54
Q

Name three causes of ischemic strokes

A

Atherosclerosis
Embolism
Microangiopathy

55
Q

CP

A

cerebral palsy

56
Q

70-80% of all cases of CP

A

spastic CP

57
Q

caused by damage to the developing brain;

motor impairment in an infant or young child, regardless of the cause or the effect

A

cerebral palsy

58
Q

_% of CP cases occur during pregnancy

A

75%

59
Q

inability to coordinate muscle activity, leading to jerky movements

A

ataxia
ataxic (adj)
a-tax-ia

60
Q

slow, writhing involuntary movements

A

athetosis
athetoid (adj)
athet-osis

61
Q

a-

A

without

62
Q

tax

A

coordination

63
Q

-osis

A

condition

64
Q

athet

A

uncontrolled, without position

65
Q

-oid

A

resembling

66
Q

alternating muscular contraction and relaxation

A

clonic

Greek turmoil

67
Q

paralysis of corresponding parts on both sides of the body

A

di-pleg-ia

diplegic (adj)

68
Q

di-

A

two

69
Q

pleg

A

paralysis

70
Q

diminishing of normal function

A

impair-ment

71
Q

impair

A

worsen

72
Q

-ment

A

action, state

73
Q

paralysis of one limb

A

mono-pleg-ia

monoplegic (adj)

74
Q

mono-

A

one

75
Q

paralysis or paresis from brain damage

A

palsy

Latin paralysis

76
Q

paralysis of both lower extremities

A

paraplegia
paraplegic (adj)
para-pleg-ia

77
Q

para-

A

abnormal, beside

78
Q

paralysis of all four limbs

A

quadriplegia; also tetraplegia
quadriplegic (adj)
quadri-pleg-ia

79
Q

quadri-

A

four

80
Q

sudden involuntary contraction of a muscle group; increased muscle tone on movement

A

spasm
spastic (adj)
Greek spasm
spast-ic

81
Q

spast

A

tight

82
Q

acute clinical event caused by an impaired cerebral circulation

A

stroke

Old English; to strike

83
Q

tetra-

A

four

84
Q

paralysis of three limbs

A

triplegia
triplegic (adj)
tri-pleg-ic

85
Q

tri-

A

three

86
Q

TS

A

Tourette syndrome

87
Q

between _ and _% of population will develop some form of epilepsy

A

1-3%

88
Q

epileptic activity in one area of the brain only

A

partial seizures

89
Q

name the three types of generalized seizures

A

absence seizure
tonic-clonic seizures
febrile seizures

90
Q

most common in children ages 4-14, stare vacantly, quick recovery

A

absence seizures

91
Q

triggered by a high fever in infants 6months-5 years

A

febrile seizures

92
Q

a brief seizure characterized by absence of activity and occasionally clonic movements

A

absence seizure

ab-sence seiz-ure

93
Q

ab-

A

away from

94
Q

sence

A

to feel

95
Q

-ure

A

process

96
Q

seiz

A

to convulse

to grab

97
Q

cata-

A

down

98
Q

plexy

A

stroke

99
Q

sudden loss of muscle tone with brief paralysis

A

cata-plexy

100
Q

chronic brain disorder due to paroxysmal excessive neuronal discharges

A

epilepsy

Greek seizure

101
Q

condition with frequent incidents of sudden, involuntary deep sleep

A

narc/o-lepsy

102
Q

narc/o

A

stupor

103
Q

-lepsy

A

seizure

104
Q

occurring after a seizure

A

post-ict-al

105
Q

post-

A

after

106
Q

ict

A

seizure

107
Q

a recurrent state of seizure activity lasting longer than a specific time frame (usually 30 minutes)

A

stat-us epilept-ic-us

108
Q

stat

A

standing still

109
Q

epilept

A

seizure

110
Q

sudden, involuntary, repeated contraction of muscles

A

tic

French tic

111
Q

generalized seizure sue to epileptic activity in all or most of the brain

A

ton-ic-clon-ic seiz-ure

112
Q

ton

A

pressure, tension

113
Q

clon

A

violent action

114
Q

-ure

A

process

115
Q

disorder of multiple motor and vocal tics

A

Tourette syndrome

116
Q

BSE

A

bovine spongiform encephalopathy

117
Q

CJD

A

Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease

118
Q

NMS

A

neurally mediated syncope

119
Q

TB

A

tuberculosis

HIT 135 Med Term (4 decks)

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