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EKG > Ch1 Electrocariography > Flashcards

Ch1 Electrocariography Flashcards

1
Q

CVD

A

Cardiovascular disease
Disease of heart and blood vessels

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2
Q

CAD

A

Coronary Heart Disease
Narrowing of the arteries of the heart, causing a reduction of blood flow

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3
Q

M.I.

A

Myocardial Infarction
A blockage of one or more of the coronary arteries causing lack of oxygen to the heart and death of the muscle tissue

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4
Q

ECG

A

Electrocardiogram
A tracing of the hearts electrical activity recorded by an electrograph

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5
Q

Electrocardiograph

A

An instrument used to record the electrical activity of the heart

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6
Q

Who invented the 1st electrocardiograph?

A

Willem Eithoven

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7
Q

Who showed that electrical currents are produced during the beating of the human heart and can be recorded?

A

Dr. Augustus D. Waller

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8
Q

When should people get an ECG done annually?

A

After age 40

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9
Q

Code blue

A

Patient is unresponsive and needs assistance immediately

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10
Q

When can a 12-lead ECG be used?

A

Hospital setting, before surgeries, during an emergency,

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11
Q

Conditions evaluated by ECG

A

Disorders in heart rate, rhythm, or conduction
Electrolyte imbalance
Condition of heart prior to defibrillation or surgery
Symptoms related to CVD
Drug toxicities
Diagnosis of Metabolic disorders
Damage assessment after blunt trauma
Suspicion of congenital heart disease
Pacemaker evaluation

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12
Q

Excersize electrocardiography is done to determine…

A

Is done to determine whether the heart gets adequate blood flow during stress or excersize

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13
Q

Holter monitor

A

Type of ambulatory moniter. Small box that is strapped to a patients waist, neck or shoulder to monitor the heart for 24-48 hours while the patient is at home

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14
Q

Event monitor

A

An ambulatory monitor, and is battery powered. Can be worn up to 30 days as patient performs daily activities

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15
Q

Defibrillator

A

A machine that produces and sends an electrical shock to the heart in an attempt to correct the electrical pattern

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16
Q

AED

A

Automatic External Defibrillator

Light weight portable device that recognizes abnormal rhythm and determination if the rhythm is considered a “shock able rhythm”

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17
Q

When is an AED used

A

Placed only on patients who are unresponsive to stimulation

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18
Q

C.P.R.

A

cardiopulmonary resuscitation

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19
Q

Telemedicine

A

A monitoring system on which ECG tracking are communicated from a patient outside a medical facility to the physician via telephone or digital system

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20
Q

ECG technician

A

An individual who has the technical skills and knowledge to record an ECG and prepare it for the physician

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21
Q

ECG monitor (telemetry) technician

A

An individual who has the knowledge and skills to view and evaluate the electrical tracking of patients’ hearts on an oscilloscope and, when necessary, alert the appropriate healthcare professional to treat abnormalities

22
Q

Cardiovascular technician

A

An individual who has advanced skills and can assist physicians with invasive cardiovascular diagnostic tests and procedures such as angioplasty or heart surgery

23
Q

What happens if patient cannot read?

A

You need to explain the procedure to both the patient and a family member or the patient’s legal guardian or representative
patient then signs the form

24
Q

What happens if the patient cannot write?

A

Explain the procedure to the patient with a witness present. Ask the patient to place an X on the form in the witness’s presence, and then have the witness sign

25
Q

does informed consent require the patient to sign a consent form?

A

Yes

26
Q

HAIs stand for

A

Healthcare-associated infections
Aka nosocomial infections

27
Q

Standard Precautions definition

A

Include a combination of performing hand hygiene and wearing gloves when there is a possibility of exposure to blood and body fluids, nonintact skin, or mucous membranes

28
Q

PPE

A

Personal Protective Equiment

29
Q

Isolation Precautions

A

The 2nd level of steps taken to prevent the spread of infections; some examples include separating the infected patient from others and using PPE

30
Q

Airborne precautions

A

For patients known or suspected to be infected with microorganisms transmitted by airborne droplets

Require special air handling, ventilation, HEPA, N95 respirators

31
Q

Droplet Precautions

A

For patients known or suspected to be infected that can be transmitted through droplets, coughing, sneezing, or performance of procedures

Require mucous membrane protection.
Ex. Goggles and masks

32
Q

Contact precautions

A

Require gloves and gowns for direct skin-to-skin contact or for contact with contaminated linen, equipment, etc

33
Q

Cardiac output

A

The volume of the blood the heart pumps each minute

34
Q

Normal bpm for adults

A

60-100 bpm

35
Q

Normal respiration for an adult

A

12 - 20 breaths per minute

36
Q

Hyperventilation

A

Excessive rate and depth of breathing

37
Q

Dyspnea

A

Difficult or painful breathing

38
Q

Tachypnea

A

Rapid breathing

39
Q

Hyperpnea

A

Abnormally rapid, deep, or labored breathing

40
Q

Rales

A

Crackling sounds of the lungs
May indicate fluid in the lungs
Can be heard in patients with pneumonia, congestive heart failure, and other conditions

41
Q

List 3 types of noisy breathing that can indicate an abnormality

A

Rales, Ronchi, and Gurgling

42
Q

Rhonci

A

Wheezing or snore like sounds that occur when the airways are narrowed or obstructed

43
Q

Blood pressure

A

The force at which blood is pumped against the walls of the arteries
Measured in mmHg (millimeters in mercury)

44
Q

Systolic blood pressure

A

When the ventricle of the heart contracts
(Top number)

45
Q

Diastolic blood pressure

A

The pressure measured when the heart relaxed
Indicated the minimum amount of pressure exerted against the vessel walls at all times
(Bottom number)

46
Q

Hypertension

A

High blood pressure

47
Q

Essential hypertension

A

No identifiable cause and is sometimes referred as idiopathic

48
Q

Secondary Hypertension

A

Occurs as a result of some other condition, such as kidney or heart disease

49
Q

Hypotension

A

Low blood pressure

50
Q

Tilt Table Test

A

A test to determine wheather a change in a patients BP or heart rate due to a change of position is causing symptoms of lightheadedness or fainting

EKG (11 decks)

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