Ch.1 Intro Flashcards by Kerry King-Rahn

Word Root

basic meaning of term, usually indicates body part involved

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Combining Form

word root with vowel at end. ex: gastr/o

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Suffix

usually indicates procedure, condition, disorder, or disease, comes at the end of word

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Prefix

usually indicates location, time, number, or status, comes at the beginning

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cyan/o (cyanosis)

blue (blue discoloration)

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erythry/o (erythrocyte)

red (red blood cell)

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leuk/o (leukocyte)

white (white blood cell)

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melan/o (melanosis)

black (black tissues/organs)

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poli/o (poliomyelitis)

gray (viral infection)

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-algia (gastralgia)

pain and suffering (stomach pain and suffering)

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-dynia (gastrodynia)

pain (stomach pain)

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-itis (gastritis)

inflammation (stomach inflammation)

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-megaly (cardiomegaly)

enlargement (enlarged heart)

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-malacia (arteriomalacia)

abnormal softening (abnormal softening of arteries)

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-necrosis (arterionecrosis)

tissue death (artery tissue death)

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-sclerosis (arteriosclerosis)

abnormal hardening (hardening of arterial walls)

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-stenosis (arteriostenosis)

abnormal narrowing (narrowing of arteries)

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-centesis (abdominocentesis)

puncture to remove fluid for diagnostics or to remove excess fluid

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-graphy (angiography)

producing picture or record

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-gram (angiogram)

picture or record

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-plasty (myoplasty)

surgical repair

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-scopy (arthroscopy)

visual examination

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-rrhage (hemorrhage)

severe/sudden bleeding, bursting forth

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-rrhaphy (myorrhaphy)

surgical suturing to close wound

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-rrhea (diarrhea)

flow or discharge

pre- (prenatal)

before

peri- (perinatal)

surrounding

post- (postnatal)

after

ab- (abnormal)

away from

dys- (dysfunctional)

bad, difficult, painful

hyper- (hypertension)

excessive, increased

inter- (interstitial)

between, among, under, below

ad- (addiction)

toward, in direction of

eu- (euthyroid)

good, normal , well, easy

hypo- (hypotension)

deficient, decreased

intra- (intramuscular)

within, inside

sign

objective. measured or evaluated

symptom

subjective

dignosis

identification of disease

differential diagnosis

attempt to determine which disease is presenting

acute

rapid onset

chronic

long duration

disease

condition for with one or more parts aren't functioning

syndrome

set of signs and symptoms that are part of a specific disease

prognosis

prediction of course and outcome

eponym

disease named after who discovered it

remission

temporary, partial, complete disappearance of symptoms

-ectomy (appendectomy)

surgical removal

-ostomy (colostomy)

surgical creation of opening to body surface

-otomy (colotomy)

cutting or surgical incision

-rrhexis (myorrhexis)

Rupture (rupture of a muscle)

-al (perinatal)

Pertaining to (pertaining to the events surrounding birth)

Sub (subcostal)

Under, less, below (below a rib or ribs)

super, supra (supracostal)

Above or excessive (above or outside the ribs)

-pathy (myopathy)

Disease (pathological change or disease of a muscle)

myc/o (mycosis)

Fungus (disease or change caused by a fungus)

myel/o (myelopathy)

bone marrow or spinal chord (pathologic change or disease in the spinal chord)

-ac (cardiac)

pertaining to (pertaining to the heart)

what is the suffix "-um" sometimes used for? (cranium)

to sometimes change a word root into a noun

-osis (gastrosis)

abnormal condition or disease (any disease of the stomach)

gastr (gastric)

Stomach (pertaining to the stomach)

enter/o (Gastroenteritis)

small intestine (inflammation of the stomach and small intestine)

Path (pathology)

Disease (the study of disease)

The study of all aspects of diseases

Pathology

nat (prenatal)

Birth (time and events before birth)

end (endometriosis)

within

-oma (lymphoma)

tumor

-ologist

Specialist

-ology

study of

abdomin/o

abdomin

angi/o

blood vessel

my/o (myorrhexis)

muscle

laryng

larynx and throat

rhin/o

nose

ot/o

ear

lith (lithotomy)

stone

col (colotomy)

colon

a groove or crack-like sore of the skin, or normal folds in the contours of the brain

fissure

abnormal passage, usually btw tow internal organs, or leading from an organ to the surface of the body. May be due to surgery, injury, or draining of abscess

fistula

The last and longest portion of the small intestine

ileum

part of the hip bone

ilium

the invasion of the body by pathogenic organism

infection

localized response to an injury or destruction of tissues

inflammation

a torn or jagged wound or accidental cur wound

laceration

a pathologic change of the tissues due to disease or injury

lesion

What is the difference btw mucous and muscus?

mucous describes the specialized muscous membranes that line the body, mucus is the name of the fluid secreted by the mucous membranes

What is the difference btw palpations and palpitations?

palpation-and examination technique in which the examiner's hands are used to feel the texture, size, and location of certain body parts palpitation-a pounding or racing heart

pyel/o (pyelitis)

renal pelvis, which is part of the kidney

py/o (pyoderma)

pus

pyr/o (pyrosis)

fever or fire (heartburn)

the formation or discharge of pus

suppuration

What is the difference btw viral and virile?

viral-pertaining to a virus | virile-having the nature, properties, or qualities of an adult male