Ch.11

Question 1

Cell Division

Answer 1

process in which a cell divides into two new daughter cells

Question 2

Sexual Reproduction

Answer 2

type of reproduction in which cells from two parents unite to form the first cell of a new organism

Question 3

Asexual Reproduction

Answer 3

process of reproduction involving a single parent that results in offspring that are genetically identical to the parent

Question 4

Chromosome

Answer 4

threadlike structure within the nucleus that contains genetic information that is passed on from one generation to the next

Question 5

Chromatin

Answer 5

substance found in eukaryotic chromosomes that consists of DNA tightly coiled around histones

Question 6

Cell Cycle

Answer 6

series of events in which a cell grows, prepares for division, and divides to form two daughter cells

Question 7

Interphase

Answer 7

period of the cell cycle between cell divisions in which the cell grows

Question 8

Mitosis

Answer 8

part of eukaryotic cell division during which the cell nucleus divides

Question 9

Cytokinesis

Answer 9

division of the cytoplasm to form two separate daughter cells

Question 10

Prophase

Answer 10

first and longest phase of mitosis in which the genetic material inside the nucleus condenses and the chromosomes become visible

Question 11

Chromatid

Answer 11

one of two identical “sister” parts of a duplicated chromosome

Question 12

Centromere

Answer 12

region of a chromosome where the two sister chromatids attach

Question 13

Centriole

Answer 13

structure in an animal cell that helps to organize cell division

Question 14

Metaphase

Answer 14

phase of mitosis in which the chromosomes line up across the center of the cell

Question 15

Anaphase

Answer 15

phase of mitosis in which the chromosomes separate and move to opposite ends of the cell

Question 16

Telophase

Answer 16

phase of mitosis in which the distinct individual chromosomes begin to spread out into a tangle of chromatin

Question 17

Growth Factor

Answer 17

one of a group of external regulatory proteins that stimulate the growth and division of cells

Question 18

Cyclin

Answer 18

one of a family of proteins that regulates the cell cycle in eukaryotic cells

Question 19

Apoptosis

Answer 19

the process of programmed cell death

Question 20

Cancer

Answer 20

disorder in which some of the body’s cells lose the ability to control growth

Question 21

Tumor

Answer 21

mass of rapidly dividing cells that can damage surrounding tissue

Question 22

List the steps of the prokaryotic cell cycle

Answer 22

DNA replication, cell elongation, cell division

Question 23

List the steps of the eukaryotic cell cycle

Answer 23

interphase mitotic phas