CH11 Russia - Political authority during wartime Flashcards
(49 cards)
How many conscript peasants did Russian government mobilise from 1914-1917?
15 million peasants
When was the Brusilov offensive?
June 1916
How many desertions in 1916 when morale low?
1.5 million
Describe what happened to spending during WW1?
Increased from 1500 million roubles in 1914 to 14500 million in 1918
When did Railway locomotive production decrease by half?
1913 to 1916
What happened in armament manufacture in 1916?
Improved with rifle production doubling and heavy artillery production quadrupling
How much did cost of living increase by?
300%
How many workers strike in Jan 1917?
30000 and 145000 in Petrograd
Inflation of Salt from pre war?
483%
Inflation of the rouble?
53%
When was the demonstration of 150000 Petrograd workers?
January 1917 in anniversary of Bloody Sunday
What occurred 14th February 1917?
100000 workers from 58 different factories went on strike in Petrograd
What happened when the government announced bread was to be rationed from the 1st March?
Widespread panic buying and long queues and violent exchanges. Police struggling to keep order
What happened 22nd Feb 1917?
20000 workers are locked out of Putilov Iron Works after pay talks collapse. In other factories, workers went on strike to support
What happened on 23rd Feb 1917?
90000 workers were on strike closing 50 factories who went on a traditional march with women from the Petrograd suburbs. This caused about 24000 people on the street in order to celebrate International Women’s Day and demand peace.
What happened on the 24th Feb 1917?
200000 workers on strike and crowd overturn tsarist statues and wave red flags shouting revolutionary slogans for an end to tsardom.
What happened on the 25th Feb 1917?
250000 people (half of the capital workforce) went on strike and protested in Petrograd. and all major factories and shops were closed.
No public transport
Troops trying to supress the rebellion ignored orders and handed out rifles to protestors and became part of the rebellion
What happened on the 27th Feb 1917?
Tsar orders the Commander of the Petrograd military district, Major-General Khabalov, to restore order by military force. 40 demonstrators in the city are killed
A mutiny then began and 66000 soldiers joined the protestors as many were from peasant or worker background and their sympathies lay with the mass. The protestors are armed with 40 rifles and prisons were opened.
The Duma holds a meeting, setting up a 12-man provisional committee to take over the government. The High Command ordered the troops to give support to the Duma committee and not march to the capital
Revolutionaries set up the Petrograd Soviet intending to take over the governmenr
What was the Petrograd Soviet?
Elected soviets sprang up in many cities and towns with the one in Petrograd known as the “soviet”. By 10th March it had 3000 members and wanted to take over the government, starting to organise good supplies for the city
What events led to the abdication of the Tsar?
Train diverted at Petrograd by railway workers and forced to stop at Pskov
Representatives of the Duma met to request his abdication and on the 2nd March 1917, he abdicated teh crown to his brother.
Under pressure from the Chief of General Staff to resign who had been reassured a PG would be formed by members of the Duma
What other disturbances were there beyond Petrograd into rural areas and other industrial cities?
Workers seizing control of facotires and setting up workers committees
Rebellious people setting up their own elected regional assemblies and soviets
Army disintegrated into semi-independent bodies and soldier’s soviets without clear leadership
Rural areas - peasants attacking landlords properties
National minorities declaring their independence
How many districts were affected by peasant disturbances in March 1917?
34
What number of districts were affected by peasant disturbances in July?
325
