Ch13

Question 1

political participation

Answer 1

the dif ways in which individuals take action to shape the laws and policies of a gov

Question 2

______ is a huge factor in electoral success

Answer 2

money

Question 3

Political Action Committees (PACs)

Answer 3

political committee organized for the purpose of raising and spending money to elect and defeat candidates

Question 4

FECA

Answer 4

Law that creates limits on PAC donations, monitored by FEC (no limits on support not directly linked to the candidate)

Question 5

FECA

Answer 5

Federal Election Campaign Act

Question 6

Buckley v Valeo

Answer 6

no limit on an individual spending their own money on their campaign

Question 7

Citizens United

Answer 7

non profit corporation that wanted to air a documentary w/i the timeframe, but prohibited

• corporations /unions entitled to 1st Amendment free speech protections
• creation of Super PACs- take unlimited donations to spend unl $$ on indirect ads

Question 8

linkage institutions

Answer 8

channels that connect individuals with gov, incl elections, political parties, interest groups & the media

Question 9

social movement

Answer 9

joining of individuals seeking social/ political change w the goal of placing issues on the policy agenda
(protests, attend political meetings, contact elected officials, reach out the other citizens to educate them)

Question 10

suffrage

Answer 10

right to vote (5 out of 17 amendments of BoR)

Question 11

26th Amendment

Answer 11

allows 18+ y/o to vote

Question 12

24th Amendment

Answer 12

prohibits Congress and the states from imposing poll taxes as a condition for voting in federal elections

Question 13

poll tax

Answer 13

a payment by a state or federal government before a citizen in allowed to vote

Question 14

Voter turnout in the US is ___ among dem states

Answer 14

low

Question 15

voter turnout

Answer 15

number of eligible voters who participate in an election as a percentage of the total number of eligible voters

Question 16

Why do/n’t ppl vote?

Answer 16

• institutional figures
• demographic characteristics
• whether it’s a presidential election year

Question 17

demographic characteristics

Answer 17

measurable characteristics of a population

econ status, education, age, race, ethnicity, gender

Question 18

socioeconomic status (SES)

Answer 18

measure of an individual’s wealth, income, occupation, and educational attainment

Question 19

associations w high SES

Answer 19

• higher lvls of participation in elections (donate to campaigns/ joining interest groups)
• higher lvls of education

Question 20

political efficacy

Answer 20

a person’s belief that they can make effective political change

Question 21

Why is political efficacy important?

Answer 21

the lower it is, the less indivs feel they can make a difference, so they don’t participate

Question 22

young vs old voters

Answer 22

younger Americans are less likely to vote

older people are more likely to have a higher income

Question 23

race/ ethnicity/ gender in voting

Answer 23

Hispanic citizens lower than other identities

women vote more than men

Question 24

Obama effect

Answer 24

could be cause for an inc in voter turnout among African Americans

Question 25

political mobilization

Answer 25

efforts by political parties to encourage their members to vote

Question 26

partisan attachment

Answer 26

indivs most likely to vote w their party affiliation

Question 27

registration requirements

Answer 27

set of rules that govern who, how, when, where people vote

Question 28

Who may be limited by registration requirements?

Answer 28

homeless, college students, minorities

Question 29

Why might voting registration be limiting?

Answer 29

requires proof of residency/ state ID

Question 30

When is election day?

Answer 30

First Tuesday after the first Monday in November

Question 31

Why is the day of election an obstacle?

Answer 31

It's a work day

Question 32

Absentee ballot

Answer 32

voting completed and submitted by a voter before the day of an election without going to the polls

Question 33

barriers to voting

Answer 33

registration requirement voter ID laws Tues= workday felony disenfranchisement

Question 34

rational choice voting

Answer 34

voting based on what a citizen believes is in his or her best interest

Question 35

retrospective voting

Answer 35

voting based on an assessment of an incumbent's past performance

Question 36

prospective voting

Answer 36

casting a ballot for a candidate who promises to enact policies favored by the voter in the future

Question 37

party- line voting

Answer 37

voting for candidates who belong only to one political party for all of the offices on the ballot

Question 38

requirements for POTUS

Answer 38

35 y/o born in the US resided in US for 14 years

Question 39

who selects the POTUS

Answer 39

electoral college

Question 40

two campaign phases

Answer 40

- Nomination campaign | - General election Campaign

Question 41

Nomination Process

Answer 41

- Candidates from the same party compete for the party's nominations - most states hold primary elections, in which voters choose delegates - caucus - primary elections and caucuses serve the same purpose

Question 42

open elections

Answer 42

regardless of party affiliation, eligible voters can participate

Question 43

closed

Answer 43

only those registered w the party can participate

Question 44

caucus

Answer 44

party members gather to discuss candidates and issues to select delegates

Question 45

general election

Answer 45

- nominees are now up against competing party members, not their own - campaign rhetoric is meant to appeal to independent voters as well as base - candidates make phone calls, knock on doors, and mobilize the base

Question 46

Electoral College

Answer 46

- vote for a slate of electors pledged to vote for a nominee - candidate needs 270/ 538 votes - Winner take all system - electors chosen from party leaders and activists

Question 47

Who chooses the presidential winner if there is a tie?

Answer 47

HoR

Question 48

Winning Electoral College

Answer 48

shapes cand's strat

Question 49

red/ blue state

Answer 49

faithful to a single party

Question 50

battleground state

Answer 50

state where polls show a close contest btwn R/ D candidate in a pres election

Question 51

swing state

Answer 51

state where levels of support for the parties are similar and elections swing back & forth btwn R&D

Question 52

Why are campaigns so expensive

Answer 52

- ads | - professional consultants