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Microbiology > Ch.13-14 > Flashcards

Ch.13-14 Flashcards

(65 cards)

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1
Q

what is a “bubo”?

A

Swollen, painful lymph node.

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2
Q

Another common name for the bubonic plague was “Black Death”. Why this name?

A

Because as the disease progressed, it would often result in dark purple or black hemorrhage.

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3
Q

What is a common name for Tularemia?

A

Rabbit Fever

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4
Q

The bacterium Francisella tularensis causes:

A

Tularemia or “Rabbit Fever”

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5
Q

Rickettsia prowazekii bacterium causes what disease?

A

Typhus

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6
Q

Coxielli burnetii bacterium causes what disease?

A

Q Fever

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7
Q

What is the vector for typhus?

A

body lice

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8
Q

Describe the 3 phases of Lyme disease.

A
  1. Bullseye red rash
  2. Flu-like symptoms
  3. Immune complex disorders or arthritis
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9
Q

The bacterium Yersinia pest is causes what?

A

bubonic plague

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10
Q

What is an arbovirus?

A

An arthropod borne virus

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11
Q

Name 3 hemohrragic fevers or diseases.

A

Ebola virus
Marburg disease
Hantavirus

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12
Q

How are arboviruses spread?

A

Mosquitoes

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13
Q

List 3 arboviral encephalatides common in the USA.

A

St. Louis Encephalitis
California Encephalitis
Eastern Equine Encephalitis

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14
Q

How has yellow fever been controlled in the USA?

A

Mosquito control

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15
Q

What cancer is associated with HBV?

A

Hepatocellular carcinoma

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16
Q

What is CMV and what does it cause?

A

Cytomegalovirus causes approx. 10% of mononucleosis cases. It can reactivate in the mother during the 3rd trimester and cause birth defects.

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17
Q

Where do Epstein Barr Virus (EBV) and cytomegalovirus (CMV) remain latent?

A

In the white blood cells

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18
Q

What is the infectious form of malaria that infects red blood cells?

A

merozoites

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19
Q

What is a common treatment for malaria and where is it found?

A

Quinine

Tree bark

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20
Q

List the 2 major body sites for malarial infection.

A

Liver and red blood cells

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21
Q

How do humans acquire toxoplasma gondii?

A

From handling cat fecies

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22
Q

Is HIV RNA or DNA?

A

RNA

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23
Q

What rare cancer is remarkably high in AIDS patients?

A

Kaposi’s Sarcoma due to re activation of the herpes virus 8

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24
Q

What does the drug Zidovudine treat? How does it work.

A

Fights aids through reverse transcriptase inhibition.

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25
What is a retrovirus?
A virus that has the enzyme reverse transcriptase which can synthesize a double strand of DNA from a single strand of RNA.
26
What is the receptor for HIV attachment to cells and which cells have this receptor?
The T-cell receptor in CD4 cells
27
What enzyme can be useful in breaking down clots in the heart attack patient?
Streptokinase
28
Name 2 genera of organisms used to make sauerkraut.
Leuconostoc | Lactobacillus
29
What organisms produce yogurt?
Lactobacillus | Streptococcus thermophilus
30
Sometimes microbes will grow on dead algae in a body of water and then use up all of the oxygen in the water. What is this called?
Eutrophy
31
The ocean is divided into 3 zones, name them for the following regions: 1. Near the shoreline 2. The general ocean floor 3. The trenches
1. Littoral zone 2. Benthic zone 3. Abyssal zone
32
What is BOD?
Biochemical Oxygen Demand - the rate at which microbes remove oxygen from water
33
What is the purpose of alum in water purification?
Alum forms a gel that microbes and particles stick to as the gel settles out and removes them.
34
What have we learned from the use of DDT?
That it is important to use pesticides that are broken down quickly.
35
What is a mutualistic colony of algae and fungi?
Lichen
36
What digests the cellulose from wood in termites?
Protozoa
37
What type of organism produces methane?
Archaea
38
What is an arbovirus?
An arthropod borne virus
39
Name 4 hemohrragic fevers or diseases.
Ebola virus Last Fever Marburg disease Hantavirus
40
How are arboviruses spread?
Mosquitoes
41
List 3 arboviral encephalatides common in the USA.
St. Louis Encephalitis California Encephalitis Eastern Equine Encephalitis
42
How has yellow fever been controlled in the USA?
Mosquito control
43
What cancer is associated with HBV?
Hepatocellular carcinoma
44
What is CMV and what does it cause?
Cytomegalovirus causes approx. 10% of mononucleosis cases. It can reactivate in the mother during the 3rd trimester and cause birth defects.
45
Where do Epstein Barr Virus (EBV) and cytomegalovirus (CMV) remain latent?
In the white blood cells
46
What is the infectious form of malaria that infects red blood cells?
merozoites
47
What is a common treatment for malaria and where is it found?
Quinine | Tree bark
48
List the 2 major body sites for malarial infection.
Liver and red blood cells
49
How do humans acquire toxoplasma gondii?
From handling cat fecies
50
Is HIV RNA or DNA?
RNA
51
What rare cancer is remarkably high in AIDS patients?
Kaposi's Sarcoma due to re activation of the herpes virus 8
52
What does the drug Zidovudine treat? How does it work.
Fights aids through reverse transcriptase inhibition.
53
What is a retrovirus?
A virus that has the enzyme reverse transcriptase which can synthesize a double strand of DNA from a single strand of RNA.
54
What is the receptor for HIV attachment to cells and which cells have this receptor?
The T-cell receptor in CD4 cells
55
What enzyme can be useful in breaking down clots in the heart attack patient?
Streptokinase
56
Name 2 genera of organisms used to make sauerkraut.
Leuconostoc | Lactobacillus
57
What organisms produce yogurt?
Lactobacillus | Streptococcus thermophilus
58
Sometimes microbes will grow on dead algae in a body of water and then use up all of the oxygen in the water. What is this called?
Eutrophy
59
The ocean is divided into 3 zones, name them for the following regions: 1. Near the shoreline 2. The general ocean floor 3. The trenches
1. Littoral zone 2. Benthic zone 3. Abyssal zone
60
What is BOD?
Biochemical Oxygen Demand - the rate at which microbes remove oxygen from water
61
What is the purpose of alum in water purification?
Alum forms a gel that microbes and particles stick to as the gel settles out and removes them.
62
What have we learned from the use of DDT?
That it is important to use pesticides that are broken down quickly.
63
What is a mutualistic colony of algae and fungi?
Lichen
64
What digests the cellulose from wood in termites?
Protozoa
65
What type of organism produces methane?
Archaea

Microbiology (9 decks)

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